24 E. DIVERS AND M. KAWAKITA 



solved by hot 90 ^jo spirit, and that dissolved and deposited by it on 

 cooling have the same melting point. It is tlien, finally, dissolved 

 in hot 95 ^o spirit, crystallised out, and again tested as to its melting 

 point. The crystalline deposits most soluble, and consisting principally 

 of the more soluble alcohol, require much further fractionation, in 

 order to sejDarate the less soluble alcohol on the one side, and the 

 resin Old body on the other, and the ultimate yield of the pure alcohol 

 becomes very small. In fractionating it out, spirit of 85 % is used, 

 but finally this alcohol, like the other, is to be crystallised out from 

 95 °/o spirit, in order to get good crystals. 



Personne observed the comparative insolubility of the solid alco- 

 hol in 80 Yo spirit, but making no use of this fact, he purified the 

 cake of crude solid alcohol by repeated crystallisations from boiling 

 90 "/o spirit. During the purification he met with a body of peculiar 

 form, visible under the microscope and less soluble than the solid 

 alcohol in spirit, and this he found to be gradually removed by 

 repeated crystallisations. We have met with no such substance in 

 Japanese bird-lime. 



Piivification of the rcsinoid hoihj. — This is found mainly in the 

 80 Yo spirit used to wash the crude alcohols after they have been 

 separated from palmitic acid. AVhen this separation has been efiected 

 in the second way, the spirit contains also some fatty acids. The 

 light petroleum used to dissolve out palmitic acid also contains some of 

 the resinoïd body. In order, therefore, to separate palmitic acid, the 

 residue, after evaporating the spirit or the petroleum, is dissolved in 

 alcoholic potash, the palmitic acid precipitated with calcium chloride, 

 water added, and the precipitate washed, dried, and extracted with 

 ether. Evaporation of the ether leaves the resinoïd body still mixed 

 with some of the alc(jhols, but free from any fatty acid. The impure 

 product is dissolved in strong spirit, and left to evaporate slowly. 



