June] GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY, 229 



GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY. 



Gold Deposits of Nova Scotia. — Prof. Hind has recently 

 issued a detailed report on the Gold Veins of Waverley, which, 

 however, he regards as beds rather than veins. He notices the 

 occurrence, in a bed of quartzite, of fossils or concretions, which 

 he compares to Paloeotrochis of Emmons, from the so-called 

 «'Taconic" Rocks of North Carolina. Such supposed fossils 

 have, we believe, been previously found by Dr. Houeyman, but 

 Prof. Hind has, for the first time, published them as probable 

 organic remains, and, if this view be sustained, will have been the 

 first to announce the discovery of fossils in the gold rocks of Nova 

 Scotia. The following extracts exhibit some of the most im- 

 portant parts of this report : — 



" Among the most remarkable peculiarities of the leads arc the 

 markings on the quartz and on the enclosing rock, whether Whin 

 or hard compact slate. These markings vary from slickensides 

 to huge rolls, several feet apart, and sometimes a foot in the 

 swell. They are found in the slates, remote from leads, and 

 often resemble ripple marks. To Mr. Campbell the credit is due 

 of first calling particular attention to these markings, and Dr. 

 Hunt, likewise impressed with their importance in regard to the 

 structural geology of the Gold Districts, says : — 



'Mr. Campbell has called special attention to what he has 

 called the grain or reed-like marking often impressed on the sur- 

 face of the beds in a direction parallel to the east and west axes 

 of folding, and he points out that the angle of dip, eastward or 

 westward, of these markings on the crown of the great anticlinals, 

 enables us to detect the transverse or north and south lines of 

 undulation, which have at a subsequent period disturbed the 

 horizontality of the east and west anticlinal folds. The markings 

 in question often appear as rib-like ridges or flutings, which are 

 most conspicuous on the surface of the auriferous quartz layers 

 and the enclosing beds. On the summit of the anticlinal folds 

 they are sometimes so large, and so well defined, as to give to the 

 layers a wrinkled or corrugated form, producing what is desig- 

 nated in the region as barrel quartz, and has, by some observers, 

 been compared to the ripples on water, and by others to that 

 parallel arrangement of logs which is seen on what is called a 



