306 THE CANADIAN NATURALIST. [Sept. 



of the cavern — " the lower cellarage," as Mr. Pengelly called 

 it. On the 5th of March last a flint flake was found, which 

 there could be no doubt had been produced by human agency. 

 The flake has been laid before Mr. Evans, F.R.S., who had 

 examined and reported upon it. He said it was undoubtedly 

 of human workmanship, and carried on it evidence of its having 

 been used as a tool, the edge being slightly worn away and jagged. 

 The hill was tunnelled by burrows of foxes and other animals. 

 A small bell had been found — such as was used to tie on a 

 terrier when sent into a burrow. The depth of the lake was 

 mentioned as an average of 5ft. 



Professor Dawkins added some remarks on the " dry bones " 

 of the animals found in the cavern. The various strata of the 

 cavern, he said, contained remains of animals of different epochs 

 from the post-glacial upward. During the time the Black Band 

 was being formed it would appear from the remains found in it 

 that the cavern was inhabited by a race of men, who not only 

 lived on the other animals, but on their own race. The older 

 deposits contained undisputable traces of the glutton, a species 

 of hare, known to the French palaeontologists, and rather larger 

 than our own. He concluded with remarks on the antiquity of 

 the human race as indicated by the facts mentioned in the 

 report. 



ON THE "ENTRANCE OF THE MAMMOTH" BY MR. H. H. 

 HOWORTH. 



He reviewed the various historical notices in old authors of 

 the mammoth remains in Siberia and elsewhere. The common 

 idea once was that the mammoth was a sort of huge mole which 

 burrowed beneath the surface of the earth, and whose motions 

 could be traced by the upheaving of the soil as the creature 

 traversed its cave below. This was one way by which they 

 accounted for the vast remains found, and another that at the 

 deluge, the bodies, after floating about were washed into caverns. 

 Mr. Howorth did not think the extinction of the mammoth 

 ought to be ascribed to the men of the early stone age. He 

 believed the extinction of the mammoth was simultaneous with 

 the disappearance of a specific and distinct race of men from the 

 same region. 



Professor Phillips offiered some remarks on the history of the 

 mammoth generally. He dwelt at some length on the more 



