114 BULLETIN 189, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



side either very obscure or absent in the largest specimens (190 to 

 210 mm. long) at hand. 



This species differs from the others herein recorded in the larger 

 eye; broader interorbital ; shorter anal, with fewer rays; and in the 

 notably longer pectoral, which reaches far beyond base of ventral. 



Range. — Baja California to Peru. Previously recorded from only 

 as far south as Panama Bay. 



SYNODUS MARCHENAE. new species 



Figure 25 



Synodus japonicus Fowler (in part at least not of Houttuyn), 1932, p. 4, Charles 

 Island, Hood Island, Galdpagos; and Nukuhiva, Marquesas Islands. 



Head 5.0 to 5.4; depth 9.8 to 11; D. 12; A. 8 or 9; P. 11 or 12; 

 scales undeveloped. 



Body a little deeper than broad ; caudal peduncle moderately stout, 

 4.4 to 4.7 in head; head as broad as deep; interorbital broad, without 

 definite ridges, 5.4 to 6.3 in head, 1.18 to 1.27 in snout; rim of orbit 

 smooth; snout short, its upper outline oblique, projecting slightly 

 beyond mandible, about as long as eye, 4.5 to 5.0 in head; mandible 

 rather blunt, without an evident fleshy knob; eye large, 4.3 to 4.9 in 

 head; mouth small (for a Synodus), the premaxUlary reaching little 

 beyond posterior margin of eye, 1.75 to 2.0 in head; dorsal fin low, 

 none of the rays reaching beyond the tips of the succeeding ones if 

 deflexed, origin of fin about an eye's diameter nearer tip of snout 

 than adipose; adipose over posterior half of anal base; caudal rather 

 broadly forked, the upper lobe the longer, about as long as head with- 

 out snout; anal notably smaller and lower than dorsal, its base 2.4 to 

 2.8 in head; ventral pointed, next to innermost ray longest, more 

 than twice length of outermost one, 1.1 to 1.2 in head; pectoral 

 moderate, somewhat pointed, reaching to or slightly beyond base of 

 ventral, 1.65 to 2.0 in head. 



Color very pale; general pigmentation not developed because of 

 youth ; several faint dark spots (renmants of larval markings) evident 

 on abdomen; back with 6 to 8 dark cross bars, those between dorsal 

 and adipose generally more or less double; a prominent crescent- 

 shaped dark bar at base of caudal, extending somewhat on lobes of 

 fin; occiput with large brown chi-omatophores, a dark dot at base of 

 each anal ray, and a dark median line behind anal extending half 

 way to base of caudal (being juvenile markings). 



The Mission secured a single immature specimen about 45 mm. 

 long to base of caudal, which is in bad condition (now in two pieces), 

 probably having been disgorged by a larger fish. According to the 

 label with the specimen it was taken under a "submarine light" at 

 Mazorka Island in the Huarura group. It is readily identifiable with 

 seven specimens from the Galapagos Islands and one from Colombia. 



