178 BULLETIN 189, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



in head, its origin generally about over base of pectoral, its distance 

 from tip of snout 2.5 to 2.8 in length, soft part of fin with a very gently 

 convex margin, none of the rays as long as the longest spines; caudal 

 concave, the outer rays forming rather pointed lobes in large speci- 

 mens; anal with rather strong spines, the second somewhat enlarged, 

 variable, 2.8 to 5.0 in head; the fin ending nearly an eye's diameter in 

 advance of end of dorsal; ventral inserted under base of pectoral, 

 with a weak spine contained 3.3 to 4.3 in head; pectoral long, reach- 

 ing well beyond tip of ventral, with a nearly straight oblique margin, 

 which becomes rounded on lower part of fin, the lowermost ray notably 

 less than half length of longest ones, the latter 1.5 to 1.7 in head. 



Color of preserved specimens varying from olive-gray to dark brown 

 above; pale underneath; side with six or seven dark cross bars, quite 

 prominent in a couple of small light-colored specimens, very obscure 

 in large dark specimens; head with or mthout pale spots, few to many 

 if present; peduncle and base of caudal with pale streaks, enclosing 

 dark areas on caudal fin in a few specimens; side of head occasionally 

 with dark specks, blotches, and rarely with indications of a dark band 

 from maxillary to chest; a pale blotch between lateral line and base 

 of anterior soft rays of dorsal frequently present; pectoral with a dark 

 blotch in front of it, and with a brownish base, generally with a narrow 

 pale crescent across base of rays, the rest of fin plain translucent; 

 other fins dusky to quite dark. Concerning the color of the largest 

 specimen preserved by the Mission, which now is dark grayish brown, 

 with pale blotches, M. J. Lobell stated in a field note, "vivid orange 

 colored blotches from caudal peduncle to opercle. On the back the 

 blotches were dark brown." 



The Mission supplied 17 specimens, 60 to 450 mm. (46 to 355 mm. 

 to base of caudal) long, collected at Lobos de Tierra Island, Lobos de 

 Afuera Bay, Guafiape Island, Chimbote Bay, Don Martin Island, 

 North Chincha Island, Independencia Bay, Atico Point, and Coles 

 Point. In addition there are several specimens at hand collected by 

 R. E. Coker and reported upon by Evermann and Radcliffe (see refer- 

 ence above) , and one from Callao taken by the Wilkes Expedition. 



This species and P. callaensis presumably are not recognized as 

 distinct by the fishermen and are marketed as ''cabrilla" or as "tram- 

 bollo" at Callao and Lima, according to R. E. Coker (see reference to 

 Evermann and Radclift'e above). According to the report of the Mis- 

 sion (1943, p. 278) the flesh is well liked, and these species are fairly 

 important food fishes. The fish were caught by the Mission with 

 trammel nets, gill nets, hand lines, trawl lines, and crab traps. The 

 largest example seen was about 500 mm. long, and the average length 

 was around 300 mm. 



Range. — Coasts of Peru and Chile. Once recorded from Panama 

 Bay ; not seen there by recent collectors. 



