THE SHORE FISHES OF PERU 209 



only slightly convex; head deep, compressed; snout moderately 

 blunt, 3.6 to 3.75 in head; eye 4.25 to 5.5; interorbital 3.5 to 4.0; 

 mouth a little oblique; lower jaw slightly projecting; maxillary 

 broad, fully three-fourths width of eye, 2.2 to 2.4 in head; teeth in 

 upper jaw in a narrow band, with some enlarged teeth on outer side 

 of band in front, those of lower jaw mostly in a single series, some of 

 the anterior ones enlarged; gill rakers compressed, dentate along inner 

 edge, a little shorter than eye, 15 to 16 on lower and 3 on upper limb 

 of first arch; lateral line with a long arch anteriorly, its chord only a 

 little shorter than straight part, 2.6 to 3.3 in length, straight part 

 with about 36 to 39 bony scutes, becoming quite strong on caudal 

 peduncle; scales extending forward in parietal region and on cheek, 

 absent on chest except for a triangular patch in front of ventrals; 

 fu'st dorsal with rather slender spines, mostly connected by mem- 

 branes, the fourth the longest, about as long as snout, its origin about 

 an eye's diameter behind base of pectoral; second dorsal and anal 

 similar, the anterior lobes reaching little beyond middle of bases of 

 fins, the origin of anal about an eye's diameter behind that of dorsal, 

 coterminal, base of anal (exclusive of free spines) 3.0 to 3.4 in length; 

 ventral moderately small, inserted a little behind pectoral, 2.3 to 2.4 

 in head; pectoral long, falcate, reaching well beyond origin of anal, 

 2.6 to 3.1 in length. 



Color grayish green along back, this color merging into the golden 

 yellow and silvery of the lower parts; a small specimen with five 

 pale bars on side, these faintly visible in one large specimen; a promi- 

 nent black spot on opercle near upper angle; dorsal, caudal, and anal 

 all more or less dusky; ventral pale; pectoral pale except for a 

 dark blotch on its lower ray, and a black axil. 



The Mission secured three specimens, respectively 185, 395, and 

 445 mm. (145, 304, and 342 mm. to base of caudal) long. The largest 

 one was caught on a trolling line in the Gulf of Guayaquil, off Picos 

 Point, and the others were seined at Lobos de Tierra Island. This 

 species, which apparently has not previously been recorded from 

 Peru, evidently is not numerous enough there to enter commerce. 



Fange. — Both coasts of tropical America, as here understood; on 

 the Pacific from the Gulf of California to Peru. 



CARANX CABALLUS Gunther 



Figure 46 



Caranx caballus Gunther, 1869, p. 431, Panama Bay (description). — Evermann 

 and Radcliffe, 1917, p. 61, pi. 5, fig. 3, Lobos de Tierra, Peru (synonymy; 

 description, based on a Peruvian specimen; range). — Meek and Hilde- 

 BRAND, 1925, p. 359, pi. 28, Panama Bay (synonymy; description; com- 

 pared with C. crysos of the Atlantic; range). — Walford, 1937, p. 73, pi. 51, 

 fig. b, in color (diagnosis; range). 



Head 3.6; depth 3.6; D. VIII-I, 23; A. II-I, 20; P. 20. 



