THE SHORE FISHES OF PERU 275 



The relationship of C. analis and C. altipinnis has not been under- 

 stood. It is now set forth rather concretely in the parallel compari- 

 son given in the account of C. altipinnis. 



Although seemingly rather common on the coast of Peru, this 

 species, or genus, is not listed among the commercial fishes in the report 

 of the Mission (1943). It apparently was not distinguished from 

 Sciaena, which is listed under the local name "ayanque," a name also 

 applied to Cynoscion in the field notes. 



Range.— Northern Peru. 



CYNOSCION ALTIPINNIS (Steindachner) 



Ancylodon altipinnis Steindachner, 1866, p. 2, pi. 1, fig. 3, "West coast of South 



America" (original description). 

 Archoscion altipinnis Abbott, 1899, p. 353 (no specimens reported; relationship 



with analis discussed; "Habitat. — Peru, perhaps extending southward"). 



Head 3.0 to 3.4 ; depth 3.5 to 4.1 ; D. VII to IX, 22 or 23; A. II, 17 to 

 19; P. 17 or 18; scales about 90 to 100. 



Body moderately compressed, its greatest thickness rather more 

 than half its depth; back little elevated; profile slightly concave over 

 eyes; head compressed; caudal peduncle fairly long, compressed 3.2 to 

 3.7 in head; snout pointed, 4.1 to 4.9; eye 3.5 to 4.4; interorbital 4.8 to 

 5.3; mouth large, oblique; lower jaw projecting; maxillary reaching 

 to or beyond posterior margin of pupil, 1.9 to 2.15 in head; teeth in a 

 narrow band in each jaw, upper jaw anteriorly with a pair of large 

 canines (one often missing) and with a few smaUer ones at sides, the 

 lateral teeth in lower jaw enlarged, pointed; membranous margin of 

 preopercle crenulate in the larger examples, with serrae at and below 

 angle in young (under about 150 mm. in length), anterior ridge of pre- 

 opercle with 3 rather strong spines, externally quite evident in young, 

 becoming hidden in large examples; gUl rakers slender, those at angle 

 slightly exceeding half length of eye, 8 to 10 on lower and 3 or 4 on 

 upper limb of first arch; lateral line decurved, reaching middle of 

 body about under origin of second dorsal; scales very small, thin, the 

 rows above lateral line very oblique, small scales densely covering 

 soft dorsal and anal, also extending on the other fins; dorsal fins far 

 apart, the interspace exceeding diameter of eye, in the larger examples, 

 close together in young, with 1 or 2 extra spines, these hidden in the 

 skin in a specimen 145 mm. long, not discernible in specimens 190 mm. 

 and more in length, the spines slender, the thu'd usually longest, 

 scarcely longer than the longest soft rays, 2.1 to 2.9 in head; caudal 

 fin apparently more or less round (somewhat damaged) in young, 

 slightly double concave, the middle rays longest in adult; anal simi- 

 lar to soft dorsal, though shorter, the spines very weak, its origin under 

 beginning of about second fourth of soft dorsal, its base 1.3 to 1.5 in 

 head; ventral inserted slightly behind base of pectoral, 1.7 in head; 



