290 BULLETIN 189, UNITED STAtiJS NATIONAL MUSEUM 

 SCIAENA STARKSI Evermann and Radcliffe 



robalo; robalito 

 Figure 62 



Sciaena gilberti Starks (name preoccupied by S. gilberti Abbott, 1899), 1906, p. 



794, pi. 56, fig. 3, Callao, Peru (original description; compared with S. 



wieneri) . 

 Sciaena starksi Evermann and Radcliffe (new name), 1917, p. 104, Callao, Peru 



(reference; description; notes on size attained, and value as food fish). 



Head 3.25, 3.3; depth 3.5, 4.0; D. X-I, 21, X-I, 22; A. II, 10, II, 

 10; P. 18, 19; scales 77, 73. 



Body elongate, compressed, its greatest thickness somewhat more 

 than half its depth; back not greatly elevated; dorsal outline nearly 

 straight over the head, slightly to moderately convex in advance of first 

 dorsal; head rather long and low; caudal peduncle moderately long, 

 compressed, 3.2, 3.5 in head; snout long, rather pointed, 3.85, 3.75; 

 eye very small, 10.0, 9.75; interorbital 3.6, 3.7; mouth large, oblique, 

 terminal; gape anteriorly near level of middle of eye; maxillary, lips, 

 and chin not papillose; maxillary reaching to or beyond posterior 



Figure 62.- — Sciaena starksi Evermann and Radcliffe. From the type of S. gilberti Starks, 

 490 mm. long, Callao, Peru (U.S.N.M. No. 53464). (After Starks, 1906.) 



margin of eye, 2.4, 2.4 in head; teeth in upper jaw in a narrow band, 

 with a considerably enlarged outer series, those of lower jaw principally 

 in two irregular series, the inner series enlarged; gill rakers few, those 

 at angle about two-thirds length of eye, 10, 10 more or less developed 

 on lower and 3, 4 on upper limb of first arch; preopercle with a 

 serrulate, membranous edge on vertical margin, with small, sharp 

 spines at angle; lateral line somewhat arched anteriorly, becoming 

 horizontal above base of anal; scales small, ctenoid, extending forward 

 to tip of snout, forming a narrow sheath on base of second dorsal and 

 anal, but not extending on the fins, extending at least on basal half 



