356 BULLETIN 189, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Genus MUGILOIDES Lacepfede, 1803 



Body very elongate, anteriorly more or less cylindrical, posteriorly 

 compressed; head somewhat depressed; snout long; mouth nearly 

 horizontal ; upper lip thick ; vomer and palatines with teeth ; preopercle 

 unarmed; opercle with a single flat spine; lateral line complete, scales 

 small, mostly ctenoid; dorsal with about 5 to 7 spines, and 25 to 30 

 soft rays; anal with a weak spine, and about 20 to 25 soft rays; ventral 

 inserted somewhat in advance of pectoral, with I, 5 rays; lower rays 

 of pectoral divided. 



One species is known from Peru. 



MUGILOIDES CmLENSIS (Molina) 



RoLLizo; Bacalao; Camote; Camotillo 



Esox chilensis Molina, 1788, p. 394, Chile (original description). 



Pinguipes chilensis Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1833, p. 457, Valparaiso, Chile 

 (original description, independent of Molina). — Steindachner, 1898, p. 301, 

 Tumbes, Peru, and Talcahuano, Chile. — Evermann and Radcliffe, 1917, 

 p. 112, MoUendo, Peru (synonymy; description). — Nichols and Murphy, 

 1922, p. 511, North Chincha Island, Peru. 



Head 3.2, 3.2; depth 4.9, 4.4; D. VI, 29, VI, 28; A. I, 25, 1, 24; P. 

 19, 19; scales 113, 116. 



Body quite elongate, depressed anteriorly, compressed posteriorly, 

 rather broader than deep at base of pectoral; head broad, somewhat 

 depressed; caudal peduncle compressed, 3.1, 2.8 in head; snout long, 

 somewhat depressed, 2.3, 2.6 in head; eye rather small, placed high, 

 5.5, 5.6; interorbital flat, 4.2, 3.5; mouth large, nearly terminal, 

 horizontal; upper lip broad, fleshy; maxillary reaching to or a little 

 beyond vertical from anterior margin of eye, 2.3, 2.2 in head; teeth in 

 a band anteriorly in each jaw, the outer series in each jaw more or 

 less enlarged (notably more enlarged in the larger specimen than the 

 smaller one at hand), extending beyond the band posteriorly; vomer 

 with a patch of blunt teeth, extending on palatines; preopercle un- 

 armed ; gill rakers little more than tubercles, 11,10 somewhat developed 

 on lower and 3, 5 on upper limb of first arch; lateral line complete; 

 scales small, ctenoid, becoming smooth anteriorly on back, on chest 

 and abdomen, not extending on head to interorbital, missing on snout, 

 but present on cheek and opercle, extending far on interradial mem- 

 branes of caudal, and somewhat on base of pectoral ; dorsal continuous, 

 the spines short, pungent, covered with heavy skin, graduated, the 

 longest 4.4, 4.8, the soft part of nearly uniform height; caudal with 

 nearly straight margin, the upper lobe slightly acute; anal with a single 

 weak spine, soft part similar, though shorter, to that of dorsal ; ventral 

 inserted well in advance of pectoral, fleshy (especially in the smaller 

 specimen), 1.6, 1.7 in head; pectoral broadly rounded, the middle rays 

 longest, reaching beyond tip of ventral, 1.7, 1.2 in head, 5.3, 5.2 in 

 length. 



