THE SHORE FISHES OF PERU 365 



first dorsal 2.8, 2.9; distance from mandible to ventral 3.05, 3.1. 

 P. peruanus differs from P. diego (Ayers), known from California and 

 Oregon, according to Jordan and Hubbs (1925, p. 211) in the same 

 characters as from P. japonicus. 



Range. — Santa Elena Bay, Guayaquil, Ecuador, to the coasts of 

 Peru and Chile; known also from the Galapagos Islands. 



Genus KATSUWONUS Kishinouye, 1923 



Body robust, naked outside the corselet; maxillary not concealed 

 by preorbital; teeth present in jaws only; dorsal fins with only a short 

 space between them, the anterior spines of the first fin very high, 

 decreasing rapidly in length; second dorsal and anal each followed by 

 7 or 8 finlets; pectoral not very long, placed at or near level of eye, 

 with about 26 or 27 rays, 



A single widely distributed species is known, 



KATSUWONUS PELAMIS (Linnaeus) 



Barrilete 



Scomber pelamis Linnaeus, 1758, p. 297, "Pelago inter Tropicos" (diagnosis). 



Gymnosarda pelamis Meek and Hildebrand, 1923, p, 310 (synonymy; descrip- 

 tion; range). 



Kalsuwonus pelamis Kishinouye, 1923, p. 453, figs. 5, 14, 19, 25, 52, and 57 

 (synonymy; description; habitat and fishery in Japan discussed; size attained). 



Head 3.0 to 3.2; depth 3.8 to 4.1; D. XIV or XV-I, 13 or 14-VIII; 

 A. II, 12 or 13-VII; P. 26 or 27; vertebrae 40 (one specimen dissected). 



Body robust, its greatest thickness about two-thirds its depth, 

 tapering strongly posteriorly; caudal peduncle slender, depressed, 

 with a strong lateral keel, its depth 14 to 15.3 in head; head somewhat 

 compressed, convex above; snout long, pointed, 3.3 to 3.7 in head; 

 eye moderate, round, 5.7 to 6.1 ; interorbital 3.7 to 4.0; mouth slightly 

 oblique, terminal; maxillary reaching nearly or quite opposite middle 

 of eye, 2.6 to 2.8 in head; teeth in jaws in a single series, short and 

 rather stocky; gill rakers long, slender, about four-fifths length of 

 eye, 36 to 40 on lower and 15 or 16 (counted in only 3 specimens) 

 on upper limb of first arch; lateral line missing anteriorly, curved 

 downward at midlength, attaining a midlateral position under about 

 the first dorsal finlet, straight from thence to caudal keel; scales 

 present anteriorly in region of pectoral, extending on back to or be- 

 yond origin of first dorsal, reduced scales in lateral line, and a pointed 

 area of scales extending about an eye's diameter beyond tip of pectoral 

 fin; first dorsal composed of slender spines, the anterior ones long, 

 posterior ones short, scarcely extending above dorsal groove, the 

 first one 1.8 to 2.0 in head, origin of fin a little behind insertion of 

 pectoral, its distance from tip of snout 2.6 to 2.9 in length; second 

 dorsal somewhat elevated anteriorly, with deeply concave margin, 



