THE SHORE FISHES OF PERU 443 



The proportions and enumerations given first in the description in 

 each instance apply to the type. 



The specimens described herein are related to S. mystes Jordan and 

 Starks, of which a paratype, 195 mm. long, from Mazatldn, Mexico, 

 and another one, 360 mm. long, from Acapulco, Mexico, are at hand 

 for comparison. The Peruvian specimens differ in having a broader 

 head, which is rather notably broader than deep at margins of pre- 

 opercles, whereas these dimensions are about equal in the Mexican 

 examples. In the Peruvian specimens the lower jaw is included in 

 the upper one, instead of projecting beyond the upper one as in the 

 Mexican ones. In the rather large Mexican specimens the band of 

 teeth in the lower jaw is expanded and forms a knob anteriorly on 

 each side of the median bare space. The knobs are especially promi- 

 nent in the larger specimen suggesting that its presence and its promi- 

 nence may depend upon age. No indication of such a development 

 is present in the Peruvian examples or in a very large specimen 

 445 mm. long, from Juan Fernandez Islands, Chile, collected by 

 W. L. Schmitt, which seems to be identical with the specimens from 

 Peru. Furthermore, in the Peruvian and the Juan Fernandez speci- 

 mens, the maxillary scarcely reaches under middle of eye, whereas 

 it reaches nearly or quite under posterior margin of eye in the Mexican 

 examples. Cutaneous tentacles and flaps are much more numerous 

 and longer in the Peruvian specimens than in the Mexican ones. 

 Although less numerous in the large example from Chile than in the 

 smaller Peruvian ones, they still are more numerous than in Mexican 

 specimens. The ground color of the Peruvian examples is gray, 

 whereas it is brownish in the Mexican material. This may be of no 

 specific importance as the color markings are very similar in all the 

 specimens. 



In addition to the material compared in the preceding paragraph, 

 there are four specimens, 105 to 265 mm. long, from Panama Bay 

 before me. These specimens agree with the Peruvian ones in having 

 the lower jaw included in the upper one, and they also agree in the 

 development of the teeth. However, in other respects they are in 

 agreement with the Mexican specimens, with which they have been 

 identified. 



Range. — Lobos de Tierra Bay, Peru, and Juan Ferndndez Islands, 

 Chile. 



SCORPAENA AFUERAE, new species 



Peje-diablo 

 Figure 85 



Head 2.33 ; depth 2.75 ; D. XIII, 10 ; A. Ill, 5 ; P. 20 ; scales 46. 



Body compressed, its greatest thickness about two-thirds its depth; 

 head large, its width and depth about equal at margins of preopercles, 

 caudal peduncle strongly compressed, 3.75 in head; snout very broad, 



