444 BULLETIN 189, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



its width at posterior margin of maxillary exceeding length of snout 

 and eye, its length 2.7 in head; eye 5.5; interorbital moderately con- 

 cave, 6.6, or 1.2 in eye; mouth very broad, nearly terminal; lower jaw 

 included, without a knob at tip; maxillary broad, reaching nearly 

 under middle of eye, 1.8 in head; teeth in a broad band in each jaw, 

 divided on median line, rather prominently so on upper jaw, the bands 

 on vomer and palatines quite narrow; occipital pit broader than long; 

 no pit under eye ; spines ^^ on head moderately developed ; nasal spines 

 rather prominent; pre-, supra-, and postocular spines moderately low 

 and blunt; tympanic, parietal, and nuchal spines in a straight row, 

 rather high; a double spine behind eye; three in scapular region; two 

 on shoulder girdle above base of pectoral; preorbital with three blunt 

 spines, the first two directed forward, the other one downward; sub- 

 orbital stay preceded by two pairs of spine like ridges, the stay with 

 four spines; preopercle with five spines, the uppermost one largest, 



Figure 85. — Scorpaena afuerae, new species. From the type 360 mm. long, Lobos de 

 Afuera Island, Peru (U.S.N.M. No. 128130). 



with a small spine at base ; opercle with two strong diverging spines ; gill 

 rakers short broad, spiny, seven on lower and four on upper hmb of 

 first arch, somewhat developed; lateral line decurved, remaining above 

 middle of body nearly to base of caudal, with about 24 pores (diffi- 

 cult to see) ; first nostril with a large fringed flap, second one surround- 

 ed by a low fringed margin; a fringed flap behind pre- and supra- 

 orbital spines; a prominent series of fringed flaps along preopercular 

 margin and on margin of snout behind premaxillaries ; numerous 

 small flaps on upper surface of head; and rather prominent ones on 

 upper margin of eye and along lateral line; scales moderate, with 

 fringed margins, except on chest and abdomen, the exposed surface of 

 the scales covered with skin bearing minute fleshy papillae; scales 

 extending forward only to occipital pit, extending somewhat on 

 bases of caudal and pectorals, slightly embedded on chest, about 5 

 indefinite rows between lateral line and anterior dorsal spines, and 



'5 For names of spines and their general position see flg. 86. 



