446 BULLETIN 189, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



caudal peduncle short, 3.5 to 4.0 in head; snout 3.2 to 3.8; eye 4.0 to 

 5.2; interorbital deeply concave, with 2 prominent secondary ridges, 

 its width 6.0 to 7.5; mouth large, not especially broad, nearly terminal; 

 lower jaw only slightly included; maxillary reaching vertical from 

 posterior margin of eye, 1,65 to 1.8 in head; teeth small, pointed, in 

 rather broad bands on each jaw, and on vomer and palatines, the bands 

 on the palatines about as broad as those on jaws, the one on upper 

 jaw somewhat more prominently divided on median line than the one 

 on lower jaw; occipital pit moderately developed, not closed by 

 ridges at sides; a groove, rather than a pit, under eye; spines ^^ on head 

 well developed; nasal spine prominent; pre-, supra-, and postocular 

 spines all rather large; tympanic, parietal, and nuchal spines large; 

 coronal spines at posterior end of ridges on interorbital close to and 



SPINES 



NASAL 



PREOCULAR 



SUPRAOCULAR 



SUBORBITAL STAY 



POSTOCULAR 



TYMPANIC 



CORONAL 



PARIETAL 



NUCHAL 



Figure 86. — Scorpaena peruana, new species. From the type, 105 mm. long, "Peru" 

 (U.S.N.M. No. 83346). Insert, dorsal view of head, showing spines and names used for 

 them in the descriptions. 



opposite the tympanic spines; 3 or 4 short spines on posterior rim of 

 orbit, 4 or 5 large spines between these and shoulder; a broad spine 

 on shoulder girdle; preorbital with a large spine directed forward, 

 sometimes with a secondary spine attached to its lower margin, and 

 2 connected ones directed downward and backward; suborbital stay 

 with a single spine at its posterior end, preceded on snout by 2 low, 

 short spineless ridges; preopercle with 6 spines, next to the uppermost 

 one notably enlarged; opercle with 2 strong diverging spines; gill 

 rakers short, broad, spiny, 9 or 10 on lower and 4 somewhat developed 

 on upper limb of first arch; lateral line following outline of back more 

 or less, with about 21 pores; first nostril with a broad fringed flap 

 behind it, second nostril without a raised membrane surrounding it; a 



38 For names of spines and their position see flg. 86; 



