pruinosus, deorsum rufescens, basi albo-floccosus, 5-8 cm. 
longus, l|-2j mm. crassus; caro tenuis, dilute umbrina, 
inodora et insapora; sporae sublimoniformes, fusco-atrae, 
opacae, leves, 14-18—9-12ft; basidia clavato-capitata, 
25-30—12-14ft; cellulae aciei lamellarum cylindraceae, 
50-60—6-7ft.” 
MEXICO: in boggy spots in meadows during heavy rains, Huautla 
de Jimenez, Oaxaca, July 27, 1938, Richard Evans Schultes 4* 
Bias Pablo Reko 281, Harvard Botanical Museum Collections 
(Economic Botany) No. 5548. 
COMMON NAMES: Aztec— nanacatl (“mushroom”), teonanacail 
( sacred mushroom”), quauhtlananacatl (“wild mushroom”)* 
Mazatec— t-ha-na-sa (meaning unknown), she-to (“pasture mush¬ 
room”), to-shka (“intoxicating mushroom”); Otomi—unknown. 
The Oaxacan specimens, upon which this identifica¬ 
tion of teonanacatl is based, agree closely with the vari¬ 
ety of Paneolus campanulatus L. which was made by 
the reduction of Agaricus (Paneolus) sphinctrinus Fr. 
to varietal rank. They lack, however, the pronounced 
appendiculate margin which is figured by Bresadola (3). 
The mushrooms are small, never more than ten centi¬ 
meters in height. The dark brown stipe is terete and 
very slender and measures from one to two millimeters 
in diameter; the dark color of the stipe serves to sepa¬ 
rate this species from the closely related Paneolus papil- 
ionaceus Fr. The pileus, three centimeters in diameter 
and one half centimeter in height, is usually somewhat 
conical (perfectly hemispherical in a few specimens), 
slightly cuspidate, and of a light yellowish-brown color. 
The gills are spotted and are dark brownish-black. The 
spores, varying from 12-15X7.5-8.3 ft, are black. This 
mushroom and its close relatives Paneolus campanulatus 
L. and P.papilionaceus Fr. are exceedingly widespread, 
occurring on all the major continents. 
[40] 
