R. A.: Gard. Chron. 2 (1887) 44; Lindenia 7 (1891) 19; 
Linden, L.; Orch. Exot. (1894) 752). Much difficulty 
has sometimes been experienced in establishing the plant, 
as the pseudobulbs, although large and apparently rather 
tough, seem to damage easily. Once established, it seems 
to thrive well under cultivation, especially if not dis- 
turbed. ‘The most recent article dealing with its culture 
(Schairer, J. Fo: Bull. Am. Orch. Soc. 24 (1955) 106, 
t. p. 107) states: ‘‘Plants are grown potted firmly in 
brown osmunda. During autumn and winter, when the 
plants are in active growth, they require a warm spot 
(night minimum 63° F if possible), high humidity and 
good light (as much or more than most Cattleyas) with 
plenty of water at the roots, and they appreciate supple- 
mental feeding. At blooming time, they prefer a cooler 
spot and less light and moisture. They never require a 
severe rest period after blooming but are kept somewhat 
dry for a few months before new growth begins. They 
are native of the West Indies and the Guianas, where 
they often grow on bare rocks and tree trunks near the 
sea where they get plenty of moisture and cooling breezes 
during hot weather. Propagation is by division and they 
never propagate fast enough to supply the insistent de- 
mands of your friends. ”’ 
Caularthron bicornutum and C. bilamellatum occupy 
rather clearly defined geographic areas: the former is 
native to South America north of the Amazon River and 
to Trinidad and ‘Tobago, whereas the latter occurs in 
Middle America, along the northernmost rim of South 
America and in Trinidad. It is in Trinidad chiefly that 
the two species are contingent, but here there appears to 
be an ecological delimitation of the two species— Cau- 
larthron bicornutum forms a conspicuous element along 
and near the sea coast, while C. bilamellatum is known 
only from inland districts. 
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