were aphrodisiacal. According to Sahagun, the teonan- 
acatl mushroom was small and slender-stemmed. 
The fact that nanacat/ means ‘‘mushroom’” is well 
attested. Sahagun (25) used the expression hongos 6 nan- 
acatl (‘‘mushrooms or nanacatl’’) in speaking of edible 
fungi. Hernandez (8) described teonanacatl as teyhuinti 
(‘‘intoxicating’’) under the caption: De nanacatl seu 
Fungorum genere. He used the word in combinations, 
such as eztacnanacame (‘*white mushrooms’’), tlapalnan- 
acame (*‘red mushrooms’’), and chimalnanacame (‘‘yel- 
low, orbicular mushrooms’). 
Further support may be found in several definitions 
in Siméon’s Nahuatlan dictionary (31): 
*Teyuinti: qui enivre quelqu’un, enivrant; fteyuinti 
nanacatl: champignon enivrant. 
“Teonanacatl: espéce de petit champignon qui a 
mauvais gout, enivre, et cause des hallucinations: il 
est medicinal contre les fiévres et la goutte.”” 
In the writings of de la Serna (30), reference is made 
to quauhtlnanacatl (‘‘wild mushrooms’’) with properties 
similar to those of ololiuqui and peyote. 
At the present time, the word nacatl is widely used 
in Mexican markets with reference to edible mushrooms 
in general (19). 
The identity of teonanacatl is still unknown. Lt has 
been suggested (19) that it is_ Amanita meaticana Murrill, 
but this has never been corroborated. For several years, 
however, B. P. Reko has been actively engaged in re- 
search concerning the identity of the sacred, intoxicating 
Aztee mushroom and has recently found a possible sol- 
ution. His findings have not yet been published. 
Lophophora Wilhamsi is often mistakenly called o/- 
oliuqui or piule. Olohiuqui is variously spelled o/oliuhqui, 
ololique, and yololique, a name which, it is suggested (34) 
is derived from the root o/oloa meaning ** 
[ 73 ] 
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