of tassel branches and the number of rows of grain are 
approximately double those of morocho. The high spike- 
let-node index of chuspillo suggests that it differs not 
only because it is sweet, but because there has been some 
fasciation. There are frequent branched ears and some 
splayed tips or slight bear-pawing, but the flattened and 
bear-pawed ears which are associated with high row num- 
bers and high spikelet-node indices in North American 
maize are not found in South American highland sweet 
corn, nor is condensation usually found in the tassel 
branches, though multiplication is common and charac- 
teristic (Table I). 
The gene for sugary endosperm in Valle maize is prob- 
ably the same as that involved in North American sweet 
corn, but there is some suggestion that there may be 
modifiers, for frequently the grains are not completely 
translucent, but are opaque for part of their length when 
crossed with North American sweet. It is also possible 
that there is more than one gene for sugar present. 
Multiplication of row number has crowded the grains 
so that they are very slender, almost nail-like and the 
ear has become more rounded, with less tapering to a 
point and no visible enlargement of the butt. The grains 
are usually light yellow or nearly white, though occasion- 
ally red. In the purer forms the cob is white, but some 
cobs are red or rust-red, especially where there has been 
opportunity for crossing with morocho. 
‘Two type of ears, one tunicate (called paca sara or 
hidden maize in Quechua) and the other with the double- 
grained spikelets such as are found in Country Gentle- 
man (called cuti sara or turned maize in Quechua), are 
used as medicine in the Bolivian highlands. When 
planted these gave many ears which were of Valle type, 
but others had characters of Coroico or Guarani mingled 
with those of Valle maize. It is impossible to say where 
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