136 



THE BIKDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 



(2.) First primary, uot slioit, never less thuu two tiiirds as loug as second or tliird ; bill, 

 stout and conical ; nostrils, liigh near tlie culuieu ; ijrimaries, 9 ; tarsus, flattened behind. 



Top of 



Family FRINQILLID^. Sparrows, Finches, Buntings, etc. 



See page 22G. 



First primary, not short, never less than two thirds as long 

 a^ tliird, and often nearly the same length; bill, slender and 

 pointed ; back of tarsus, tliiu and sharp, not rounded as in front; 

 liiud toe and claw, not longer tluin middle toe ;iiid claw. 



525 ^^' 528 



Family MNIOTILTID/E. Warblers. 



See page 275. 



GROUP 3. 



Birds having wings measuring from 2.75 to 3.25 



inches long.* 



Section 1. First primary less than half as long as third. 



Part 1. A small but distinct hook or notch at tip of upper mandible. 



l>il), very slightly hooked; primaries, 

 10, th<' first often very sliort; toes, joined 

 together at base. Plain colored birds, 

 usually greenish or grayish, but often show 

 a faint wash of yellow on underpai'ts ; tail, 

 always without white spots. 



Family VIREONID^. VIreos 



See page 271. 



* For directions for measurement, see page viii. 



