146 



THE BIRDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMEKICA. 



First primary, not shoi-t, never less than two thirds as long as second or third ; bill, stout 

 and conical; nostrils, high, near the culmeu; primaries, nine; tarsus, flattened behind. 



#- 



l4^mt^m'-j 



388 



Family FRINQILLID/E. Sparrows, Crossbills, Finches, Buntings, etc. 



See page 226. 



Bill, somewhat friugllliue, hut having a small "■tooth," near the middle of 

 the edge of upper mandible ; primaries, nine ; tarsus, seutellate. But two species 

 (a tliird accideutal) : Males, bright red, one with black Aviugs; one female is 

 57 oVwe green al)ove, and yellowish green below; the other is olive green above, 

 ^^4 Vj^^ and tlie underparts, dull oi-ange yellow or buft'ychow. (If bird does not agree 



with above description, see Fringillidae.) Family TANAQRID^. Tanagers, 



See page 203. 



Bill, without notch ; liead, with crest ; primaries, ten ; tarsus, shorter 

 than middle toe and chi w ; a black stripe from forehead through the ' 



eye ; inner primaries and tail fcatlici-s, often tipped with little hard red 

 bits, like minute drops of sealing wax; general plumage, venaceus gray 

 Ijrown; tail, tipped with yellow. 



Family AflPELID^. Waxwings, Cedar Birds. 



See page 139. 



Bill, pointed, and soinewliiit rounded; back of tarsus, 

 rounded; hind toe nail, elongated, equal or longer than the 

 toe; nostrils, nearly or quite concealed by tufts of hair= 

 like feathers ; wing, over 4 inches long. 



Family ALAUDIDiC. Larks. 

 See page 208. 



