REVISION MALACOSOMA HUBNER EST NORTH AMERICA 161 



ADULT FEMALES (females in figs. 209-223).— Color variable, but 

 not as extreme as in the males, ranging from yellowish to medium 

 reddish-orange brown, with more dark specimens from the northern 

 part of the range than from the south. Lines on forewings almost 

 invariably light yellowish except in very light specimens and those in 

 which the median band is dark and bordered by pale yellow inner and 

 outer areas. Median area nearly always a uniform dark color and 

 bordered by a lighter inner area; outer area usually darker than inner 

 area, but somewhat lighter than median area. Hindwing about same 

 color as median band on forewing, often crossed by a relatively faint 

 band of light scales. Lower surface of both forewings and hindwings 

 about same color as median band of forewing or darker, and with both 

 wings crossed by a single contrasting line. Terminalia (fig. 101) as 

 described for the southeastern populations of M. californicum under 

 "comments" (page 128). 



ADULT DIAGNOSIS. — Neither males nor females can be positively 

 separated in every case from similarly colored specimens of other 

 populations of M. californicum. See the adult diagnosis for pluviale 

 for the best way to separate them (page 153), and the diagnosis for 

 americanum for good characters to separate them (page 112). No other 

 species is likely to be confused with c. lutescens within its range, although 

 M. disstria occurs throughout its range, and M. tigris may be found at 

 the southern end of its range. 



MATURE LARVAE (figs. 373-376).— Highly variable in some 

 respects, but always with conspicuous pale blue lateral areas. Head 

 blue, mottled with black, sparsely covered with fine whitish to orange 

 setae. Middorsal area of each segment with an elongate, somewhat 

 pointed, blue-white dash of variable width; these dashes together form 

 the broken middorsal stripe which is nearly always present to some 

 degree. Addorsal area varying from black to yellow or orange, but 

 usually black with varying amounts of irregular, longitudinal, yellow- 

 orange markings. Area around setal group Dl always black, but 

 usually blended with the other black markings so as to be inconspicuous. 

 The black area around setal group Dl often extends ventrally to setal 

 group SD to form the vertical black bar which is nearly always present 

 in southern populations, but which is progressively less common 

 northward; there are no anterior or posterior extentions or "arms" of 

 the vertical black bar as in M. californicum pluviale. Subdorsal and supra- 

 spiracular areas blue, speckled with small black spots around the setal 

 bases. Subdorsal line absent or only faintly present as irregular, pale 

 yellow marks. Subspiracular area bluish to whitish to blue-grayish. 

 Ventral area mottled black and gray-white, sometimes very dark, but 

 often quite light and with a inedian black area on each segment. 



