570 APPENDIX. 



Tail ( Continued). 



71. Tail coverts {Cahjpteria). The feathers overlying and covering tlic base of the tail 



fcatlicrs ; the 

 '1. Upper (siipa-iores) being tliose above, and 



73. Lower (injiriorcs) those below ; someiiincs concealing or projecting beyond the tail. 



F. The Wings (.lAr). 



74. Wings [Alic). Tlic anterior jiair of limbs of the bird, nsed in flight. 



75. Primary quills, or quills of the first series; Hand-quills (Remtrjes primarim). 



The (usiialh) ten stitf feathers insei ted on the hand or tirst joint (metacarpus and 

 di.^it), ur from the bend uf the winy to tlie tip. 

 70. Secondary quills or quills of the second series; Arm-quills {Remiyes secun- 



darii ; Pmnm cubili). The inner quills, or those inserted along the posterior edge of 

 the forearm or cuhitiis. The innermost of these quills, sometimes longer or dift'erent 

 from the rest, are frequently called tertials. [Pennai tertiariw.) 



77. Bend of the wing {Fle.nira, Plica). The angle of junction of the hand-joint and that 



of tlic fijrcai-ni. 



78. Armpit ( A.ri/h). The under side of the insertion of the wing into the liody. 



79. False or Bastard -wing {Ahdi:). A scries of several stiffened feathers on tlie edge of 



the wins, overlying and exterior to the primary quills, and inserted on the thumb johit 

 of the hand. 



80. Scapulars (Pewm scapulares) Stiffened feathers inserted on the shoulder-blade or the 



insertion of arm {Jinmeriis), and hlliug up the intcrvtil between the secondary qtiills 

 and the body. 



81. Axillars {Pennrr. axillures). Similar feathers connecting the under snifacc of the wing 



and the body, and concealed in the closed wing. 



82. Speculum, or Mirror {Sjiccnlnm atx). A lirilliantly colored portion of the wing 



especially in the ducks, over the extremities of tlic secondary quills, and framed in on 

 one side (in the closed wing) by the primary quills, or the other by the scapulars. 

 8.3, Wing coverts (Tecfn'ecs). The smaller feathers of the wing. Tlic 



84. Upper (.<i(/)fnOTrs), side above or outer. The 



85. Lower {infenorcs), below, or inside, and overlying the bases of the quills. Those 



and the quills form the surfaces of the wings. 



86. Primary coverts {Ttctrices piimariaj. The feathers, which cither 



87. Upper or 



88. Under overlie the bases of the primary quills. These are on the nppcr or 



under surface of the wing ; not often distini^nished in descriptions. 



89. Secondary coverts ( TlcZ/ices sccH»(/un'(t). Tlie feathers which, as 



90. Upper and 



91. Under, cover the bases of the sccomlary quills, on the np]ier or under surface of 



the wings, being generally those referred to as " coverts." 



92. Greater coverts (Tectrirrs mnjorrs). The longest coverts projecting beyond the 



rest, and resting directly upon the b.ises of the sccomlary quills. 



93. Lesser coverts (Tectriccs minorcs). The succession of many series of small 



feathers bcgiiming at and covering the anterior edge of the wing, very small at 

 first and increasing in size behind. 



94. Middle coverts (Tcdrices nmliir). One or more rows of coverts, intertnediate 



in size as well as position, between the lesser and greater coverts. 



