21b' 



U. S. p. R R. EXP. AND SURVEYS — ZOOLOGY — GENERAL REPORT 



TURDUS SWAINSONII, Cab. 



Olive-backed Thrush. 



Turdus suainsonii, Cab. in Tscliudi F. Peruana, 1844-'46, 168.--Ib. in V. Homeyer's Rliea, II, 149.— Is. Mus. Hein. 



1850, 5. (Siberia.) 

 ? Turdus brvnneus, Boddaert, Tab. PI. enl. 1783, according to Gray in Genera. Based on PI. enl. 556, f. 2. 

 Turdusminor, Gm. Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 809. (Combined with T. /usccscens.)— Vieillot, Ois. Am Sept. II, 1807, 7 ; 



pi. Ixiii. (Mixed with T. pallasii )— Bon. List. 1838.— Is. Conspectus 1850, 271. 

 ? .' Turdus fuscus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 817. (iVIi.xed with T. muslelinus?) 

 Txirdus solitarius, Wilson, Am, Orn. V, pi. xliii, fig. 2, i,figure only ) — Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, pi. xxxvi, (figure 



only.) 

 Merula wihonii, Sw. F. B. A. II, 1831, (not the figure.) 

 Turdus olivaceus, Giradd, Birds Long Island, 1843- '44, 92, (not of Linn, or Bodd.) — Brewer, Pr. Bost. Soc. N. 



H. July, 1844, 191. 

 Little Thrush, Pennant, Arctic Zool. II, 1785, 338. 



Sp Ch. — Third quill longest ; second and fiaurth but little shorter, and much longer than the fifth ; (by .35 of an inch.) 

 Upper parts uniform olivaceous, with a decided shade of green. The fore part of breast, the throat and chin, pale brownish 

 yellow ; rest of lower parts white ; the sides washed with brownish olive. Sides of the tnroat and fore part of the breast with 

 sub-rounded spots of well defined brown, darker than the back ; the rest of the breast (except medially) with rather less distinct 

 spots that are more olivaceous. Tibiae yellowish brown. Broad ring round the eye. Loral region, and a general tinge on the 

 side of the head, clear reddish buff. Length, 7.00 ; wing, 4.15 ; tail, 3.10 ; tarsus, 1.10. 



Hab. — Eastern North America to the Black Hills ; south to Mexico and Peru ; north to Greenland. Accidental in Europe 

 and Siberia. 



This species is at once distinguished from the others hy the perfectly uniform and pure dull 

 olivaceous shade of its upper parts, most strongly marked and appreciable on the rump and tail. 

 The throat and breast are, perhaps, more reddish than in any of our species, and the tinge in 

 the marking on the side of the head is very much more decided than in any other. The spots 

 on the breast larger than in T. ustulalus, and rather more numerous than in pallasii. 



List of specimens. 



Oatal. 

 Mo. 



981 



»80 



!SG3 



3639 



388 



666 



6993 



6994 



^7523 



«3fH 



4334 

 5847 



4707 

 4710 

 8818 

 8-215 

 7948 



Locality. 



Carlisle, Peiin. 



do 



do 



lo 



do 



do 



do 



St. Louis, Mo.. 

 do 



liidependunce, 1 

 d. 



CaloAflieu Tris!^, La 



Rep. Fork, 40 iiiiluB weet 



of Fori Hilcy. 

 Opposite mniith Vermilion 



Nabradta 



Black Hillii 



Fort Laramie, Nebraska.. 

 Mexico 



When col- 

 lected. 



May 18, 1843 

 May 3, 1X45 

 May 18, 1843 

 Miiy 16, 1845 

 May 12, 1846 

 May, 1841 

 May 13, 1843 

 May 15, 1857 



do 



May. 26, 1857 



W^heiice obtained. 



S. F.Baird 



do 



do 



do 



dn 



do 



do 



Lt. F. T. Bryan.. 



do 



Wm. M. Magraw. 

 do 



18.'i4 G. Wurdrmonn. 



Jan. 25 Lt. F. T. Bryan. 



May 6, 1856 



Sept. 18 



Sept. 10, 1857 



Lt. Warren 



do 



do 



Dr. J. O. Cooper. 

 John Uould 



Oris. 

 No. 



Collected by- 



W. S. Wood. 



do 



Dr. Cooper .. 

 do 



Dr. ilnydcn. 



do 



do 



6.50 

 7.63 



7.25 

 6.83 

 6.75 

 6.50 



7.00 

 7.50 



6.75 

 7.25 

 7.12 

 7.37 



Stretch 

 of wings. 



11.50 

 12.08 

 12.50 

 12.50 

 11.91 

 12.16 

 12. 



11.25 

 12.25 



11.37 

 11.87 

 11.12 



la.oo 



Wing. 



3.75 

 4.08 

 4.16 

 4.U8 

 3.91 



3.75 

 3.75 



4.12 

 4. 25 

 4.12 

 4.00 



IrU brown ; bill 

 black and yel. 

 lowi feet brown. 



Iri< light brown. 



