BIRDS — SCOLOPACIDAE — ACTITURUS BARTRAMIUS. 737 



PHILOMACnUS PUGNAX, (Linn.) Gray. 

 nnii. 



Trinr/a pugnaz, LixN. SjBt. Nat. I, 1760,247. 

 Miiehtlea piignax, Cuv — Bon. List, 1838. 

 Trini/a (ilachtla) jnignaz, Ni'ttai.l, Man. 11, 18:11, 131. 



J'hilomacJius puynai, Ghat, Genera. — Law-kence, Ann. X. Y. Lye. V, June, 1852,220. Long Island . 

 Sp. Ch — Above varied with black, rufous, and gray, the scapulars and tertials exhibiting those colors in oblique bands. 

 Beneath nhito, varied on the jugiilum and throat. Primaries dark brown, with greenish retleetion above; the inner webs 

 6Hely mottled towards the base. Outer three tail feathers plain, the remainder transversely barred. Bill brown ; aides of 

 ruiiip white; legs yellow. Male in spring dress with the feathers of the neck greatly developed into a ruff; the face covered 

 with reddish papillae. 

 Length, about 10 inches; wing, C.40; tail, 2.60; bill, l.a.">; tarsus, 1.7.'); middle toe and claw, 1.40. 

 Uab. — Northern Europe and Asia. Accidental on Long Island. 



The rufi' has been so frequently killed on Long Island as to entitle it to a place among 

 descriptions of North American birds, although it cannot be said to belong to our fauna. It 

 is a very curious species, conspicuous for the combats among the males during the breeding 

 season. At this time the feathers of the neck are greatly elongated, forming a kind of cape or 

 ruff, and the face is beset with papillae. 



The ruff is about the size of the Bartram's tatler or field plover, which it otherwise 

 resembles somewhat in color. It has the same mottling of tlie inner webs of primaries as in 

 Tryngites rufescens, though not to so great an extent, this feature not being found in any other 

 North American Tolaneae, though seen in Limosa, 



ACTITURUS, Bo nap. 



Barlramia, Lesson, Traite d'Om. 1S31. Preoccupied in Botany. 



Acliturm, Bo.vap. Saggio, etc., 1831. Type Tringa hartramia, Wils. 



Euliga, Nott. Man. II, 1834. 

 Ch. — Upper mandible grooved laterally to within the terminal fourth, the lower not quite so far. Culmen concave to near 

 the tip, where it is slightly deeurved ; gonys straight. Mouth deeply cleft, almost as far back as the anterior canthus. The 

 culmen only about two-thirds the commissure, shorter than the head or tarsus, and about equal to middle toe without claw. 

 Feathers extending much further forwardon the upper jaw than on the lower, although those of chin reach nearly to end of 

 nostrils. Tarsus I4 times middle too and claw ; the bare part of tibia not quite equal to the middle too above ; outer toe 

 united at base as far as first joint; web of inner toe very basal. Tail long, graduated, more than half the wings. 



ACTITURUS BARTEAMIUS, (Wils.) Bon. 



Bartram's Sandpiper; Field Plover. 



Tnnga fcartromto, Wilson, Am. Orn. VII, 1813, 63 ; pi. lii.— Ann. Syn. 1839, 231.— Ib. Birds Amcr. V, 1842, 



248; pi. 327. 

 Tolanus barlramius, Bon. Obs. Wils. 1825, No 209.— Swainsox, F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 391.— Ann. Orn. Biog. IV, 



1838, 24 ; pi. 303. 

 " .Ictilurus barlramius, Bon. Saggio, 1831."— Ib. List, 1838, 51. 

 Tringa (£u/ig-a) bartramia, Nutt. Man. II, 1834, 1G8. 

 Tringoides barlramius, Gray, Genera. 



" Tringa longicauda, Nilsson. — Bechst. Vogel Deutselil. — Nacmann, Nachtnige ; pi. xxxviii." (Dates unknown.) 

 Tolaniis campcslris, ViEiLL. Nouv. Diet. XXXIV, 1819, 454. 

 ? Tolantis melanopygitis, Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. 



Tolanus varieffalus,ViEiLLOT. "Nouv. Diet. 2d ed. VI, 317."— Ib. Galorlo II, 1825, 107 ; pi. 239, 

 Bartramia Inticauda, Lesson, Traite d'Orn. 183), 553 

 Aagnst 11, 1858. 



93 b 



