BIRDS — LARIDAE — XEMA SABINII. 857 



Sp. Cii. — " Color. Sc&|>ulan!, interscapulars, and Imlli surfaces of tlio wiiifjs, clear pearl gray ; outer web of llio first (luill 

 Mickish bruwii to \U tip, wliicli is gray ; tips of tlio scapulars and lessor <|uills wliitisli ; sonio small feathers near tl'c oyo and a 

 cullar round tlie middle of tlio neck pitch black ; rest of the plumngo white. The neck above and the whole under plumago 

 deeply tinged with peach-blossom red in recent specimens. Bill black ; its rictus and the edges of the eyelids reddish orange. 

 Legs and feet vermilion red ; nails bUckisli." 



" Length, 14 inches; wing, lOi ; tail, Sj ; bill, } ; tarsus, 1.1-12." 



Described as above in the Fauna Boroala-Amoricana. 



Ilab. — Arctic seas. 



No specimens arc in the collection. 



CREAGRUS, Bonaparte. 



Cr«igTtts, Bon. 1854. 

 Ch. — Hill strong and much curved ; lail strong and very deeply forked. 



But one species in this genus, from the coast of California ; it is remarkable for its deeply 

 forketl tail, an unusual form among the gulls. 



CREAGRUS FURCATUS, Nehoux. 



The Swallow-tnllt'fl Gull. 



JV/owl/e a queue fourchue, Neboux, Rev. Zool. 1840, 290. 

 Larusfurcalus, Neb. Voy. Venus, Zool. pi. x. 

 Creagrusfurcatus, Brcch, Cab. Jour. 1855, 292. 



Sp. Ch. — Adult. Head and nearly all of the neck grayish brown ; two small rounded white spots, embracing symmetrically 

 the base of the upper mandible; mantle grayish white; breast, abdomen, and under wing coverts, white; wings extend beyond 

 the toil ; primaries black on their outer and inner edges ; the smaller wing coverts white ; the greater slate color bordered with 

 white; tail very much forked and white ; the two outer tail feathers much longer than is usual in this class of birds; bill very 

 much bent, black at the base and white at the extremity ; iris red ; eyelids orange ; tarsi and feet red ; claws black. 



Total length, 60 centimetres. 



Hab. — California 



No specimen in the collection. . 



XEMA, Leach, 



Xema, Leach, Linn. Trans. XII, 1818. 



Ch. — Bill short, rather slender and compressed ; upper mandible straight at the base, curved at the end ; nostrils lateral and 

 linear ; wings lengthened and pointed ; tail forked ; tarsi rather stronfj ; toes united by a full web ; hind toe short. 



This genus has but one sjiecies, which inhabits the Arctic regions, seldom coming far to the 

 south. Small in size. 



XEMA SABINII, Sabine. 



The Fork-tallcil Gnll. 



Larus sabinii, J. Sabine, Lin. Trans. XII, 1818, 520 ; pi. xxix.— Rich. & Sw. F. B. A. 11, 1831, 428 — Nott. Man. 



II, 1834, 29fi.— AuD. Birds Am. VII, 1844, 127; pi. ccccxli. 

 Xema sobtntt, Bruch, Cab. Jour. 1855, 292. 



Sp. Ch. — Adult. Head and upper part of neck blackish gray, terminated below by a ring of deep black; the rest of the 

 neck, under plumage, the upper tail coverts, and the tail, pure while ; the back and upper surface of the wings bluish gray ; the 

 edge of the wing from the flexure black; the first five primaries black, with their tips white; secondaries largely tipped with 

 white; bill black at base for more than half its length, then yellow to the point ; interior and angles of the mouth and edges of 

 eyelids vermilion ; feet black. 



Length, 13^ inches; wing, 11 ; tail, 5; bill, 1 ; tarsus, 1 .4-12. 



Hab. — Nova Scotia, northward; Arctic seas. 



There are no specimens in the collection. 



August 27, 1858. 



108 b 



