892 U. S. P R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS — ZOOLOGY GENERAL REPORT. 



A. Ciilmen as long as tarsus ; more than half the middle toe with its nail. 



Medium size; bill rather long and strong, black, yellow at the base, with the tip pale ; 

 upper part of head and hind neck black, a white line under the eye ; throat ash gray ; 

 fore part and sides of the neck brownish red ; ruffs and crests very short. Type of 

 Pedeaithyia, Kaup P. griseigena. 



Eather large ; bill rather long and strong ; blackish brown tinged with carmine ; upper 

 part of head and crests dark brown ; ruffs brownish red ending with brownish black ; 

 throat white ; neck adjoining the ruffs brownish red ; upper edge of the wing white ; 

 ruffs full and crests long. Podiceps, Lath P. cristatus. 



Very large; bill long and slender, dusky black, with the cutting edges and tips yellow ; 

 loral space gray ; summer plumage not known P. occidentolis. 



Eather large ; bill long and slender, yellow, with the ridge of the upper mandible black ; 

 a line of white between the eye and the base of the bill ; summer plumage un- 

 known P. darJcii. 



B. Culmen about half as long as the tarsus ; not more than half the middle toe and nail. 



Small ; bill short and weak, bluish black, yellow at the tip ; upper part of head, cheeks, 

 throat and ruffs black ; occipital tufts yellowish red ; loral space carmine ; ruffs and 

 crests very full. Type of Dytes, Kaup P. cornutus. 



Small ; bill short and slender, dark brown, yellow at base of lower mandible, tip light 

 horn color ; has only been observed in winter plumage P. californicus. 



Small ; bill short, black tinged with blue ; head deep black ; tufts orange at base, yel- 

 lowish at the end ; throat and fore part of neck black ; ear tufts long. Type of Proc- 

 topus, Kaup P. auritus. 



PODIOEPS GEISEIGENA, Gray. 



The Red-uecked Grebe. 



Colymhus griseigena, Bodd. Tab. des PI. Enl. 1783, 55. 



Podicepa suhcrislaius, Jacquin, Beit. 1784, 37. ; pi. xviii. — Gm. I, 1788, 590. 



Colymlius pciTolis, Sparrmann, Mub. CarloB. pi. ix. 



Colymhus rubricolUs, Gm. Syst. Nat. I. 1788, 592. 



Podiceps nibricoUis, Lath. Ind. Orn. II, 1790, 783.— Bon. Syn. 1828, No. 3G5.— Rich, and Sw. F. B. A. U, 1831, 



411.— NuTT.Man. II, 1834, 253.— Aud. Orn Biog. Ill, 1835,017 : V, 1839, G20.— In. Birds Am. 



VII, 1844,312; pi. cccdxxx. 

 Colymhus cucullatus, Pallas, Zoog. II, 1811, 355. 

 Gilymlms nuevius, Pall. ib. 356. 

 Colymbaa hclboUi, Reinh. Vidensk. Meddel. 1853. 



Sp. Ch. — Adult. Upper plumage blackish brown, with the upper part of the head and hind neck black ; primaries ashy brown, 

 secondaries mostly white, a few of the inner ones dark ash ; cheeks aud throat ash gray ; a white line extends from the lower 

 mandible under and beyond the eye ; fore part and sides of the neck rich brownish red ; lower parts silvery white, with tho 

 sides dusky ; bill black, paler at tho end and bright yellow at the base ; iris carmine ; tarsi and feet externally greenish 

 black, internally yellow. 



Length about 18 inche.s; wing, 7 ; bill, 1.? ; tarsi, 2. 



i'oung. The upper plumage is blackish brown, darker on tho head ; throat and abdomen white ; sides of the head and fore 

 part of neck brownish ash ; abdomen silky white ; sides dark brownish ash ; bill bright yellow. 



jjuh.—V<iT coimtrieB and in the Atlantic States, as far south as Pounsjlvania, in winter. 



A very fine specimen, in full summer plumage, is in the collection from the Selkirk Settle- 

 ment, II. B. T., which measures I'J.i iuclies in length ; wing, 7'j ; bill, 1 J. 



This grebe is ol' a stouter form and with a shorter neck than P. crLiUUun ; tho occipital crest 

 is short, and the ruffs on the sides of the head very slight. 



