904 



U. S. p. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS ZOOLOGY GENERAL REPORT, 



grooves; under mandiblc'witli grooves corresponding to those of ilie ujiper. Wing moderate, or rather weak ; tail sliort ; legs 

 robust. 



Throat wliite, or pale asliy ; large space on each side of tlie head, and under parts white, frequently tinged with ashy on the 

 ormer. Upper parts and ring around the neck in front brownish black, darker on the back ; head above frequently ashy brown ; 

 bill and legs orange yellow, the former frequently dull greenish at base. 



Total length about llij, wing 65, tail 2^ inches. 



Hab. — Northeastern coast of America, descending southwardly in the winter. Northern Europe. 



This species, quite distinct and easily recognized, appears to be restricted to the North 

 Atlantic coasts of America and Europe. It is smaller than either of the preceding. 



List of specimens. 



SAGMATORRHINA, Bo nap. 



Saginatorrhina, Bonaparte, Proc. Zoo\. Soc. London, 1851, p. 202. 

 Ch. — Bill twice as long as high ; upper mandible straight at the base, furnished with a very large cere, incurved at the point, 

 the lower mandible suddenly ascending beyond the middle, and forming an obtuse angle ; nostrils linear, marginal. — (Bonaparte, 

 as above.) 



SAGMATORRHINA LABRADORIA, (Gmelin,) Gas sin. 



Mca labradoria, Gm. Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 550. 



Sagmatorrhina lalhami, Bonap. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1851, p. 202 ; pi. xliv. 



Sp. Ch. — " The largest (of this group), blackish, beneath pale fuliginous ; bill and feet red, cere and palms black. Length 

 IG inches ; bill 2 inches long, 1 inch high, g wide at the base, % in the middle ; wing 7^ inches ; tail 3| inches ; tarsi 1 J inches ; 

 the longest toe 2J inches " — (Bonaparte, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1851, p. 202.) 



Hab. — Northwestern coast of America. 



This bird is stated by the Prince Bonaparte to be an inhabitant of the Arctic regions of north- 

 western America, and he regards it as the largest of the group of which Phaleris is the type. 

 The specimen described by him is in the Briti-sh Museum. 



This species has never come under our notice, though we are not without a suspicion that it 

 is intimately related to Ceratorhyncha monocerata, and possibly the same. According to Bona- 

 parte, tliis bird is also the same as Alca labradoria, Gmelin, which renders it necessary to adopt 

 that name for it, unless it can be demonstrated that such name implies a geographical error, 

 very dangerous to presume on in an Arctic species. 



OERORHINA, Bonap. 



Cerorhina, Bonap. Syn. 1628. Typo C. occidentalis . 

 Ceratorhyncha, Bonaparte, Comp. List, 1838, 66. 

 Chimerina, Esciisciioltz, Zool. At. 1820. 



Ch. — General form short and heavy ; wings rather long ; tail short ; legs and feet large and strong ; tarsi short. Hill rather 

 long, much flattened laterally -, upper mandible usually with an upright horny appendage at its base, which is Ibittcned and 

 obtuse at the end ; angle of under mandible very distinct and generally with a gro{>vo across it, giving the appearance of an 

 additional part directly on the point of the angle. 



