148 



BIRDS OF AMERICA 



PINE WARBLER 

 Dendroica vigors! {Audubon) 



A (I. l\ Number 1,71 Sec t olor I'late 95 



Other Names. — Pine-creeping Warbler ; Pine Creeper. 



General Description. — Length, s-}4 inches. Upper 

 parts, ohve-green ; under parts, yellow streaked with 

 olive. Bill, shorter than head, slender, tapering gradu- 

 ally to the tip ; wings, long and pointed ; tail, notched. 



Color. — Adult Male: .Ihovc, t^lain bright olivc- 

 i/rccn. usually becoming more grayish on shoulders; 

 wings and tail, dusky with dull gray edgings, the 

 middle and greater wing-coverts broadly tipped with 

 dull white or pale gray, producing two distinct bands ; 

 inner webs of two outermost tail-feathers, cxtcnsiveiy 

 white at the end, the ivhite on lateral feather occuf>yin;i 

 nearly the end half, the outer web also edged with 

 white; sides of head and neck, olive-.green, the former 

 relieved by a narrow, usually indistinct, streak over 

 eye and a crescentic spot of yellow below eye. the lores, 

 usually darker olive-green, often becoming dusky in 

 front of eye; cheek, chin, throat, chest, and breast — 

 usually upper portion of abdomen also — yellow, the 

 sides of chest and breast usually streaked with olive- 

 greenish, sometimes distinctly streaked with dusky ; 

 rear under parts, dull whitish, the under tail-coverts, 

 gray basally ; bill, brownish-black ; iris, brown ; legs and 

 feet, dusky-brown. Adult Female: Smaller and much 

 duller in color than the male ; above, plain olive or dull 



olive-greenish, inclinin.g to gray on hindneck and 

 shoulders, sometimes almost wholly dull gray ; beneath, 

 pale olive-yellowish in front and dull whitish behind, 

 sometimes wholly dull grayish-white, faintly tinged with 

 yellow on chest, the sides and flanks more strongly 

 tinged with olive or grayish, and sometimes obsoletely 

 streaked with darker, especially on sides of chest ; 

 wings and tail, as in the male. 



Nest and Eggs. — Nest : Always placed on hori- 

 zontal limb of pine or cedar, from 6 to 80 feet up, firmly 

 attached and built of strips of grapevine bark, rootlets, 

 leaf stems, and caterpillar silk, lined warmly with deer 

 or other animal hair, this forming a thick ring around 

 the rim. EuGS : Commonly 4, varying from dull white 

 to pale grayish-lilac, marked with specks and spots of 

 brown, umber, and lilac, usually forming a wreath 

 around larger end. 



Distribution. — Eastern United States and more 

 southern British Provinces, north to Minnesota, Mani- 

 toba (to Lake Winnipeg), Ontario, New York, south- 

 ern Maine, and New Brunswick; breeding southward 

 to southern Florida and Gulf States, wintering in 

 Southern States (Florida to Texas) and northward to 

 coast district of Virginia, southern Illinois, etc., occa- 

 sionally to Massachusetts ; occasional in Bermudas. 



Drawing by R. I. Brasher 



PINE WARBLER (J nat. size) 

 An inconspicuous Warbler, singing its sweet song from the hig 



■ parts of the pine trees 



