WARBLERS 



I6.S 



mitlined; rest of upper parts, uniform olive-Krceii ; the 

 sides of neck and sides of head, similar hut rather more 

 yellowish : primaries and secondaries, purplish-hmwn 

 edged with olive-green : bill, dark brown : iris, brown ; 

 legs and feet, light brownish. AnuLT Fe.m.m.e: Similar 

 to the adult male and often not distinguishable; usu- 

 ally, however, slightly duller in color, with black 

 crown-patch more restricted or obscured by olive-green 

 margins to the feathers; sometimes the black entirely 

 absent, the whole crown, except forehead, being olive- 

 green, the forehead and above eye. yellow. 



Nest and Eggs. — Nest: linliedded in ground in 



The Wilson Warbler is a decidedly busy and 

 restless Warbler full of individuality and cnerj:;y. 

 He is a jaunty, tail-twitchins^ flycatcher, getting 

 his food any way from leaf -searching and trunk- 

 peering to darting out into the air in the style 

 of the Tyrant Flycatchers. His home is in the 

 bushes that border tlie woodlands, or in the un- 



swampy woods; constructed of swamp grass and lined 

 with fine grass and a few liairs. Eiics : 2 to 4. (lure 

 white, wreathed around larger end with markings of 

 cinnamon and lavender-.gray. 



Distribution. — Eastern Nortli .'\merica ; breeds from 

 the tree limit in northwestern and central Mackenzie, 

 central Ungava, and Newfoundland south to southern 

 Saskatchewan, northern Minnesota, central Ontario, 

 New Hampshire, Maine, and Nova Scotia; winters in 

 eastern Central America from Guatemala to Costa Rica 

 and occasionally north to Alichuacan; mi.gratcs mainly 

 along the Alleghenies. 



the song belonged, the first observation of the 

 \ell()\v under jiarts and black cap makes the 

 identification certain. In the migrations up and 

 hack from Central America by way of Mexico 

 and the country west of the Alleghenies, Wilson's 

 lllackcap is jirettv uniform in many places, but 

 verv imcertain in other localities. P)Ut almost 



Drawing by R. I- Brasher 



WILSON'S WARBLER (nat. size) 

 A decidedly busy and restless Warbler, full of individuality 



dergrovvth of thin forests, or anywhere along 

 cool streams, but always in the northern parts 

 of America. South of the international boun- 

 dary he nests onlv in certain favoralile localities. 

 He sings his quick, bubbling warble as a rule far 

 from the haunts of man, though there are places, 

 Ottawa and elsewhere in Canada, where this 

 Blackcap is at home not far out of town. 



The bluish-black cap is a distinctive mark of 

 the bird. Even if one should wonder to which 

 of the Water-Thrushes or other near relatives 



never either in migration or breeding is this 

 bird found in the deep woods. 



The Black-caps extend from the Canadian 

 Maritime Provinces across the continent to the 

 Pacific and on down in the higher mountains of 

 the West nearly to the Mexican boundary. But 

 in the Rockies and on the coast there is a varietal 

 ditterence. In the Rockies and no farther west 

 than eastern Oregon the Blackcaps are larger 

 birds, richer yellow underneath, and with orange 

 rather than yellow foreheads. This variety is 



