1 66 



BIRDS OF AMERICA 



iiariK-d tlie I'ileolnted \\'arbler {tl'ilsoiiia 



piisilla pilcolata). It occurs much nearer 



the Arctic Sea tlian does the Wilson and is one 



of the common birds in many parts of coastal 



and interior Alaska. On the Pacific coast from 



British Columbia to southern California the 

 Blackcaps are about the size of the Wilson, but 

 much brighter colored than the Pileolated. Mere 

 the variety is named the Golden Pileolated 

 Warbler {ll'ilsoiiia piisilla iltrvscula). 



CANADA WARBLER 

 Wilsonia canadensis {Liiuunts) 



A, (>. I', Xumlit-r ^8'i Sec Cilor I'latf 94 



Other Names. — Canadian Warbler: Canada Fly- 

 catcher; Canadian Flycatching Warbler; Speckled 

 Canada Warbler ; Necklaced Warbler ; Simtted Cana- 

 dian Warbler ; Canada Necklace. 



General Description. — Length, 5'4 inches. Upper 

 parts, slate-gray ; under parts, yellow with a necklace 

 of black sjiols. Bill, not over lA length of head, taper- 

 ing gradually to the tip ; wings, moderately long and 

 pointed ; tail, slightly double rounded. 



Color. — Adult M.^le: Forehead and croivn, black, 

 the feathers (except sometimes those on forehead) 

 margined with gray, producing a scaled appearance; 

 forehead sometimes with a center line of yellowish — 

 rest of upper parts, siiles of neck and rear part of 

 sides of head, plain slate-gray ; upper and front part 

 of lores, cheeks, and under parts (except under tail- 

 coverts), lemon-yellow, the outer portion of sides and 

 flanks slightly tinged with olive; under tail-coverts, 

 white, sometimes tinged with yellow toward anal region ; 

 a conspicuous eye-ring of yetlozeish-zchite. more 

 decidedly yellowish on upper portion ; loral spot, space 

 below eye, together with front and lower portion of 

 sides of head, black; this continued (sometimes 

 brokenly) along sides of lower neck (between the 

 gray and the yellow ) and continued across the chest in 

 a series of spots or streaks ; bill, dusky-horn color ; 

 iris, brown ; legs and feet, pale buffy-brown. Adult 

 Female: Above, including sides of neck and sides of 



head, plain gray, tinged with olive, especially on back 

 and crown, tlie latter often showing darker centers to 

 feathers of forehead and crown ; upper and front por- 

 tion of lores and conspicuous eye-ring, pale yellow or 

 yellowish-white ; loral spot and below eyes, clusky 

 olive-gray, this sometimes continued behind along 

 lower portion of sides of neck; cheeks and under 

 parts, except under tail-coverts, lemon-yellow (slightly 

 paler and duller than in adult male) ; under tail- 

 coverts, white; chest, streaked with olive, the streaks 

 sometimes partly black; bill, iris, and feet as in male. 



Nest and Eggs. — Nest : Commonly on ground, in 

 tussocks of grass, alongside a log, foot of a bush, in 

 upturned roots of trees, or in cavities of banks near 

 streams or pools of water, usually well concealed; 

 com])Osed of dried leaves, grass, and roots and lined 

 with pine needles, rootlets, and horse-hair. Ei;gs : 4 

 or 5, white or buffy-white spotted around larger end 

 with reddish-brown and lilac, sometimes mixed with a 

 few black specks or pen lines. 



Distribution. — Eastern North America ; breeds 

 from central Alberta, southern Keewatin. northern 

 Ontario, northern Quebec, and Newfoundland south to 

 central Minnesota, central Michigan, southern Ontario, 

 central New York, and Massachusetts, and along 

 .Mleghenies to North Carolina and Tennessee; winters 

 in Ecuador and Peru and casually in Guatemala ; in 

 migration to eastern Mexico: casual in Colorado. 



Courtesy of Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 



CANADA WARBLER (nat. size) 

 Haunts the shrubbery, wild vines, and thick i 



