12 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 202 Vol. 2 



dorsal fin; fourth band or saddlelike mark, is present just before base 

 of caudal fin, passing dorsally over peduncle; plate 77, B. 



P. multifasciatus " (Quoy and Gaimard) 

 4c. Five black, transverse bands over dorsal portion of body and extending 

 ventrally to area of belly but not encircling it; first is located just 

 anterior to spinous dorsal fin; second, wider than first, passes through 

 middle of spinous dorsal fin; third passes between spinous and soft 

 dorsal fins, and is the narrowest; fourth more intensely black than those 

 anterior to it, passes through anterior portion (5 anterior rays) of soft 

 dorsal fin; fifth band passes over caudal peduncle just before base of 



caudal fin P. trifasciatus (Lacepfede 



Ic. Body with a large (larger than several scales) conspicuous dark or (and) 

 light spot, or patchlike mark, on side; gill rakers range from 24 to 32. 

 5a. Gill rakers more numerous, total from 27 to 32; peritoneum light, trans- 

 parent or slightly silvery. 

 6a. Side of body with a very large, somewhat rectangular, patchlike dark 

 mark extending from end of head to a vertical drawn ventrally from 

 origin of soft dorsal fin, where it abruptly ends; a small spot or W- 

 shaped mark about the size of the eye on caudal peduncle just above 

 lateral line and below area posterior of soft dorsal fin; barbel longer, 

 extending beyond posterior margin of preopercle; pectoral rays 



usually 15 (table 60); plate 77, D P. barberinoides '^ (Bleeker) 



66. Side of body below end of spinous dorsal fin with a black, somehwat cir- 

 cular, spot about 4 scale rows in diameter; this black spot followed 

 posteriorly by an elongate oval light spot below and slightly anterior 

 to base of soft dorsal fin, its horizontal length about equal to length 

 of base of soft dorsal fin; barbel shorter, not extending to posterior 

 margin of preopercle; pectoral rays usually 16 (table 60). 



P. pleurostigma (Bennett) 



» Ai«H«»TOuft!/asc!ofws Quoy and Gaimard, Voyage autourdumonde . . . sur, . . . VUranieetlB Physi" 

 Cienne, Zoologie, p. 330, pi. 59, fig. 1, 1824 (type locality, Hawaiian Islands). 

 Parupeneus bifascialm Weber and de Beaufort, Fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago, vol. 6, p. 386, 



1931 (in part). 

 Pseudupenem multifasciatus Jordan and Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., vol. 23, 1903, part 1, p. 256, 



pi. 22, 1905.— Fowler, U. S. Nat. Miis. Bull. 100, vol. 12, p. 300, 1933. 

 Upeneus velifer Smith and Swain, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 6, p. 130, 1883 (type locality, Johnston Island). 



Nine lots, totaling 28 specimens, from the Hawaiian Islands and 2 specimens (USNM 26822, type of 

 Upeneus velifer, and 157360) from Johnston Island were studied. 



This species is apparently confined to the Hawaiian and Johnston Islands. The various authors that dis- 

 tinguished trifasciatus and bifasciatus from multifasciatus also report the latter species only from these Islands. 

 Fowler (Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Monogr. 2, p. 284, 1938) listed it from Tahiti, Society Islands, but 

 gives no specific data or source of material (one specimen, Parupeneus trifasciatus, USNM 82966 taken at 

 Tahiti by the Wilkes exploring expedition was misidentified as multifasciatus previous to this report). 



P. multifasciatus appears to replace almost completely trifasciatus and bifasciatus in the Johnston and 

 Hawaiian fauna (see discussion of range under trifasciatus and bifasciatus). 



It does not seem logical to apply any other name to this species, in view of its restricted distribution, 

 especially when it is compared with such closely related forms, trifasciatus and bifasciatus. However, the 

 figure of multifasciatus by Quoy and Gaimard is crude and their description is incomplete. 



i« Upeneus barberinoides Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Nederl.-IndiS, vol. 3, p. 263, 1852 (type locality, Wahai, 

 northern Ceram).— Herre and Montalban, Philippine Joum. Sci., vol. 36, No. 1, p. 120, pi. 4, fig. 3, 1928. 

 Parupeneus barberinoides Bleeker, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk., vol. 1, p. 234, 1863; Atlas ichthyologique . . . 



vol. 9, pi. (2) 392, fig. 5, 1877. 

 Pseudupeneus barberinoides Fowler, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 100, vol. 12, p. 276, fig. 20, 1933. 



Thirteen lots were examined: Philippine Islands, USNM 138639 to 138649, 22 specimens, Albatross: Oki- 

 nawa, USNM 71734, 2 specimens, Albatross; Tonga Islands, USNM 65995, 3 specimens, Albatross. 



This species has been reported from the East Indies, Philippines, southern Ryukyu Islands and several 

 Island groups of Oceania. 



