94 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 2 02 Vol. 2 



Depth of body 2.1 to 2.2; length of head 2.7 to 3.4; both in standard 

 length. Snout 3.4 to 4.6; eye 2.5 to 3.7; preorbital width 7.6 to 12.2; 

 length of upper jaw 3.3 to 3.5; postorbital part of head (hind margin 

 of eye to upper edge of gill opening) 2.5 to 2.8; interorbital width 

 3.2 to 4.1; depth of caudal peduncle 1.8 to 2.4; length of pectoral 

 fin 1.2, of pelvic fin 0.9 to 1.1, of 13th dorsal spine 1.9 to 2.7, of upper 

 caudal rays 0.9 to 1.0, of lower caudal rays 1.0 to 1.1; all in length of 

 head (tip of snout to posterior margin of opercular membrane). 

 Depth of caudal peduncle in its length 1.0 to 1.1; angle of snout 

 profde with lengthwise axis of body 52 to 63 degrees, snout profile 

 slightly concave in large specimens, upper profile convex. 



Teeth of jaws in two series, those of inner row smaller, crowded 

 between those of outer row, which are larger, teeth slender, cylindrical 

 basally, tips flattened, rounded; snout, preorbital and suborbital, 

 and ring around eye naked; both margins of preopercle naked; 

 opercular spines 2, broad, flat, triangular, lower spine larger than 

 upper; dorsal spines subequal after 4th, soft dorsal and anal outlines 

 angular, caudal lobes rounded, pectoral rounded, pel vies pointed in 

 large specimens, outer ray filamentous in small. 



Color in alcohol. — In specimens over 50 mm., general body color 

 light reddish brown to dark reddish, grayish or blackish brown; lips 

 dusky grayish to pale grayish, naked suborbital and preorbital and 

 naked margins of preopercle often paler than scaly portion of pre- 

 opercle and opercle, which are dark brown; a white or yellowish 

 V-shaped vertical bar on upper sides from below 5th to 7th dorsal 

 spines to a point even with lower pectoral base, often indistinct or 

 absent; caudal peduncle pale yellowish except on largest and darkest 

 specimens; breast and belly lighter than back and sides, sometimes 

 yellowish; some specimens with an indefinite white or pale spot below 

 white bar; most specimens with a large black spot below the base of 

 the last 3 dorsal spines and a spot behind last dorsal soft rays ex- 

 tending onto rays, these spots more or less disappear with age, the 

 anterior spot disappearing first (however, some specimens of about 

 40 mm. lacked both spots, whereas both were evident in specimens 

 of 76 mm.); spiny dorsal membrane dusky brown its margin and free 

 flaps black; soft dorsal dusky basally, distal % pale; anal usually dark 

 brown or black basally and on distal portion of anterior rays, last 

 3 or 4 rays paler; caudal usually pale yellowish, with distal Yz dusky 

 but sometimes entire caudal is dusky; pelvics black or dusky brown, 

 inner ray usually slightly paler; pectoral pale, with a small dark brown 

 or black axillary spot. 



In specimens 20 to 50 mm. head with 2 narrow pale blue lines 

 extending from eye along dorsal base to large black ocellus on base of 

 10th to 13th dorsal spines, and anteriorly converging near tip of 



