164 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 2 02 Vol. 2 



Archipelago, vol. 8, p. 96, 1940) have recognized only one species in 

 this genus. However, my studies of the numerous specimens in the 

 U. S. National Museum indicate at least 4 well defined species, as 

 distinguished in the accompanying key. The statements that the 

 "color varieties" are variations of a single species are not correct. 

 I find that the basic color pattern of each species is scarcely variable 

 and much confidence can be placed in it. The pectoral fin rays are 

 rather constant for each species but differ from 11 to 15, so that 

 certain species may be identified on the basis of the number of pec- 

 toral rays along with color pattern. 



This genus may be recognized by the following characters: Branched 

 caudal fin rays 6 + 5; gill rakers about 4 to 7 + 1+7 to 9; lateral line 

 pores 14 to 18 + 5 to 7, with 2 scales above lateral line to base of 

 first soft dorsal ray and 6 or 7 scales below to anal origin; usually 

 about 19 to 25 vertical scale rows; dorsal rays normally IX, 11 and 

 anal 111,9; pectoral rays ii, 11 to 15; 2 or 3 rows of scales below eye 

 on cheek, and 1 row on interoperculum; a row of elongate scales on 

 basal part of dorsal and anal fins; opercle scaled; dorsal surface of head 

 naked; pupil in two parts; nostrils minute, anterior one a short tube; 

 jaws equal, upper jaw with 2 or 3 pairs of small caninelike teeth at 

 symphysis, on each side of which is an enlarged canine hooked out- 

 ward and posteriorly; symphysis of lower jaw with a pair of enlarged 

 canines; both jaws anteriorly with a few small conical teeth in 2 or 3 

 rows, becoming uniserial on sides; gill membrane free from isthmus, 

 with a broad fold across it; posterior edge of preopercle free posteriorly 

 as much as ventrally; caudal fin rounded. 



This genus resembles Pseudocheilinojys but the two may be dis- 

 tinguished by the key on pages 121-123. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES OF PSEUDOCHEILINUS 



la. Body with 3 to 9 lengthwise dark streaks alternating with lighter streaks. 

 2a. Upper edge of caudal peduncle at base of caudal fin with a black spot a 

 little smaller in size than pupil; in addition to the median dorsal dark 

 streak in front of dorsal fin, there are 6 more on the upper side of the 

 body, ventralmost dark streak extends from the dorsal edge of pectoral 

 base to caudal peduncle, where it occurs on the scale row below lateral 

 line; chin with a pair of dark spots; upper lip usually barred; dorsal 

 surface of head with about 7 alternating dark and light streaks; 

 pectoral fin rays ii,13 or 14 (see table 92, on page 129). 



P. hexataenia (Bleeker) 

 2b. No black spot on caudal peduncle at base of caudal fin; dorsal surface of 

 head with 5 alternating dark and light streaks. 

 3a. Side of body with 7 to 9 alternating dark and light streaks; pectoral rays 



ii,12 rarely 11,11 or ii,13 P. octotaenia Jenkins 



36. Side of body with 3 alternating dark and light lengthwise streaks, on 

 upper half of body, the center of each dark streak paler than 

 edges; pectoral fin rays ii,l-i rarely ii,15. 



P. tetrataenia, new species 



