FAMILY LABRIDAE — SCHTJLTZ 193 



Pectoral fin reaches opposite ninth lateral line scale ; pelvics reach 

 not quite halfway to anus; distal edge of caudal fin truncate in smallest 

 specimens, concave in larger ones. 



Color in alcohol. — White below midlengthwise axis of body, abruptly 

 darker dorsally, with a blackish or dark brown band about as wide 

 as eye from snout tip through eye to base of caudal fin, the lower 

 edge of this blacldsh band along lateral line on caudal peduncle; 

 another dark streak or band extending from interorbital space along 

 middorsal line thence on each side of base of dorsal fin and fading pos- 

 teriorly; space between the two blackish streaks light brownish; 

 spinous dorsal and continuing along basal three-fourths of soft dorsal 

 blackish or brownish, marginal quarter white; anal and pelvic fins 

 white; pectorals translucent basally, distally dusky in larger specimens; 

 dorsal base of pectoral with a black spot; caudal fin whitish, except 

 outer rays distally dusky, with outer edge of dusky streak fined with 

 white, middle caudal rays white; inner side of opercle dusky. At a 

 length of about 100 mm. the black blotch in pectoral fin is fully 

 developed. 



Color when alive. — Upper sides between black bands olive; ventral 

 part of head and of body yellowish to orange; a silvery band just 

 below lateral black band extends from head to tip of caudal fin grading 

 into the yellow-orange ventrally; anal fin rose-colored; upper and lower 

 rays of caudal fin rose-colored. (Description based on Phoenix Island 

 specimens.) 



Remarks. — In this genus the species amblycephalus (Bleeker) , duperry 

 (Quoy and Gaimard), and lucasanum (Gill) form a group, the young 

 of which have a blackish lateral band and a narrower dark streak 

 along the back, the space between Ught dusky, and the ventral area 

 whitish. In the adult coloration the black bands or streaks dis- 

 appear. Most adults have in the pectoral fin a blackish streak that 

 is characteristic of this group (see fig. 100). 



Bleeker's amblycephalus was based on specimens 42 to 90 mm. long 

 and it has a nari-ow white line across the operculum; upper half of 

 body is dark, sharply contrasting with pale ventral half; it represents 

 the half-grown stage. His melanochir is the adult stage, and has 

 2 pale marks across side of head. We have specimens showing this 

 transition. 



In the tabulation of color characteristics below, T. duperry and 

 T. lucasanum are easily distinguished by the difference in coloration 

 of the head and of the median fins. Also, lucasanum and ambly- 

 cephalus have 13 branched pectoral rays (rarely 12), whereas duperry 

 has 14 (rarely 13 or 15); and 16 to 19 gill rakers on the first gill arch, 

 whereas duperry has 20 to 22. 



