FAMILY CALLIONYMIDAE — SCHTJLTZ 401 



Eniwetok Atoll: 2 stations, 16 specimens, 12 to 44 mm, 

 Rongerik Atoll: 17 specimens, 13 to 55 mm. 



Description. — Dorsal rays IV-vi or vii,l ; anal v or vi,l ; pelvics 1,5; 

 pectorals ii,15 or 16; branched caudal 4+3. (See table 119.) 



Head to tip of free opercular flap 3.1 to 3.3; head to rear tip of 

 preopercular spine 2.9 to 3.2; greatest depth of body 7.1 to 7.4; longest 

 ray of pectoral 4.5 to 4.8 and of pelvic 3.5 to 4.0; all in standard 

 length. Snout 3.4 to 4.1; eye 4.4 to 4.7; postorbital length of head 

 to tip of opercular flap 1.8 to 2.1 and to tip of preopercular spine 

 1 .G to 1.9; tip of snout to posterior edge of maxillary 3.2 to 4.0; longest 

 pectoral ray 1.3 to 1.6; longest pelvic ray 1.1 to 1.4; all in length of 

 head to tip of preopercular spine. Least width of interorbital space 

 5.0 to 5.5 in eye. 



Head depressed, snout depressed and slightly concave, projecting 

 shghtly beyond tip of lower jaw; premaxillaries protractile, not quite 

 reaching to tip of snout when fully retracted ; teeth villiform, in a wide 

 band at front of premaxillary, narrower laterally; teeth in lower jaw 

 villiform and arranged similarly; no teeth on vomer or palatmes; a 

 free dermal flap at rear of opercle that usually does not quite reach to 

 opposite tip of preopercular spine; preopercular spine rather elongate 

 and straight, about 3}^ times in length of head to tip of preopercular 

 spine; a small antrorse spine near base of preopercular spine and 9 or 10 

 serrae along upper edge, mcluding the dorsaUy curved spiny tip; 

 gill opening above opercle in the form of a small foramen; the mem- 

 brane connecting the pelvic fin with the pectoral base is joined to 

 latter opposite bases of third to fifth rays from top; two lateral lines, 

 the dorsal one with an arch over pectoral fin then behind it, extending 

 near midlengthwise axis of body, the lower lateral line has a fleshy 

 dermal keel along lower side of body, beginning about opposite base 

 of second anal ray; body and head naked; maxillary at its posterior 

 extremity semitubular, with an anteriorly projecting very short con- 

 cave lobe; no orbital tentacle. 



There is considerable sexual dimorphism: Males have the first 

 spiny ray of dorsal greatly elongate or threadlike, usually not quite 

 reaching to base of last dorsal ray, and an anal papilla is present on 

 adults; the female specimen has the first dorsal spine scarcely longer 

 than second, and no anal papilla. 



Color in alcohol. — The color pattern is variable among the specimens 

 at hand, and considerable sexual dichromatism is evident. Background 

 color whitish or shghtly tan, with several blackish pigmented spots 

 or small areas irregularly arranged in rather indistinct bars. Males 

 have the anal fin blackish, with rays white tipped; sexually mature 

 males have several dark-edged pale bands or streaks on the sides of 

 the head as shown in Jordan and Thompson's figure of C. xenicus; 



