178 Contents 



PAGE 



Internal anatomy of the Membracidae 363 



Histology 364 



Life history 365 



Appearance in spring 365 



Mating 366 



Oviposition 367 



Duration of egg stage 374 



Dates of hatching 374 



Mechanics of hatching 374 



Instars 375 



Ecdysis 379 



Relation of nymphs and adults to hosts 382 



Broods 382 



Wintering over 383 



Life cycle 384 



Localities for collecting 384 



Hosts 386 



Host — Species .• 387 



Species — Host 389 



Migrations 391 



Habits 392 



Attendance by ants 399 



Communal life 404 



Ecology 410 



Enemies 415 



Parasites 415 



Birds 416 



Other enemies 417 



Protection 418 



Economic importance •. 421 



Control 424 



Breeding experiments 425 



Methods of collecting 428 



Methods of preserving 431 



Bibhography 433 



