224 W. D. FUNKHOUSER 



1903 Ccresa bubalus Buckt., Mon. Memb., p. 170, 220, 261, pi. 35, figs. 4, 4a. 



1903 Cooley, Rept. St. Ent. Colo. 1:252. 



1904 Felt, Rept. St. Ent. N. Y. 20:407. 

 1904 Felt, N. Y. St. Mus. Bui. 97:407. 



1904 Pettit, Mich. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 24:7. 



1905 Felt, U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent. Bui. 52:51. 

 1905 Fletcher, Rept. Ent. See. Ont. 36:89. 



1905 Kellogg, Amer. Ins., p. 169. 



1906 Washburn, Minn. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 100:47-48. 



1907 Adams, Ark. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 92:7. 

 1907 Swenk, Rept. Nebr. Ent., p. 21-22. 



1907 Surface, Dept. Agr. Pa., Zool. Bui. 5:3, pi. 9. 



1908 Swenk, Nebr. Hort. Soc. Bui. 19:17-19. 



1908 Carman, Kans. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 133:59, fig. 11. 



1908 Van Duzee, Stud. N. A. Memb., p. 36. 



1908 Washburn, Rept. St. Ent. Minn. 12:143. 



1909 Van Duzee, Can. Ent. 41 : 380, 381. 

 1909 Webster, Journ. Econ. Ent. 2:212. 

 1909 Smith, Ins. N. J., p. 90. 



1909 Sharp, Cambridge Nat. Hist. Ins. 2:577. 



1909 Smith, Ins. Friends and Enem., p. 53, fig. 16. 



1910 Matausch, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. 18:165. 

 1910 Cooley, Rept. St. Ent. Mont. 7:53. 



1910 Cooley, Mont. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 79:53. 



1910 Hodgkiss, Apple and Pear Memb., p. 92-100. 



1911 ' Girault, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. 19:15. 



1911 Walden, Guide to Ins. Coiin., pi. 3, fig. 25. 



1912 Sand, and Jack., Elem. Ent., p. 123, fig. 168. 



1912 Matausch, Bui. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 31:331. 



1913 Funkh., Horn. Wing Veins, figs. 38, 58. 

 1913 Reh, Handb. Pflanz., p. 637. 



1913 Walden, Conn. Geo. and Nat. Hist. Surv. Bui. 16, pi. 3, fig. 25. 



1913 Branch, Kans. Univ. Sci. Bui. 8:79, 100, figs. 5, 7, 10, 87. 



1913 Baldwin, Rept. Ent. Ind. 6:70. 



1913 MoiTison, Rept. Ent. Ind. 6:121. 



1913 Shelford, Anim. Coram., p. 265, fig. 259; p. 276, table 58. 



1914 Van Duzee, Trans. S. Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 2i:48. 



1915 Essig, Calif. Coram. Hort. 4:61-62. 



1915 Metcalf, Honi. No. Car., p. 6. 



1916 Van Duzee, Check List Hem., p. 58, no. 1572. 



Very common on grasses and low shrul)s. Widest range of hosts and 

 localities of any membracid in the region. Nymphs feed on succulent 

 herbs, particularly sweet clover {MelUotus alba); eggs are laid on young 

 trees, particularly elm and apple. Adults are taken by sweeping and on 

 the lower branches of trees. The largest of the local species of the genus. 

 Injures stems by egg punctures. Recognized by its large size, broad, 

 convex metopidium, and stout, short horns. 



The life history of this species has been worked out in the basin on two 

 distinct combinations of hosts — apple and aster, and elm and sweet 



