28 BULLETIN 14 7, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



lived there and soon became the friendly adviser of Columbus and 

 of the Spanish.^'' 



The Taino cacique Goacanagaric told Columbus that Caribs had 

 frequently made attacks on his people and had carried away captives. 

 When on such raiding expeditions the Caribs were armed with bows 

 and arrows. The offer of Columbus to protect the people of Goacana- 

 garic from the invasions of the Caribs was enthusiastically received. 

 This fear of the Caribs formed the basis of a lasting friendship 

 between Goacanagaric and Columbus. At the island of Tortugas, 

 not far off the Haitian coast, and the village of Guarico, and just 

 nine days before Columbus was shipwrecked, the Spanish saw evi- 

 dence of the presence of the roving Carib. Later, as they sailed east- 

 ward and approached the Lesser Antilles, additional evidence was 

 discovered. 



When Columbus with his two remaining ships, the Pinta and the 

 Nina^ rounded Cape Cabron and anchored in Samana Bay on the 13th 

 of January, 1493, he encountered natives as hostile as the natives of 

 Marien under Goacanagaric had been friendly. It is possible that 

 the tactics employed by Martin Alonzo Pinzon, who commanded the 

 Pinta, were responsible for the hostility on the part of the Ciguayan 

 Indians of Samana, He had taken four native men and two girls 

 from the vicinity of Porto Caballo aboard the Pinta to be later sold 

 as slaves in Spain. When Columbus discovered what had been done 

 he made restitution and returned the captives to their village, with 

 gifts, but the news of the capture preceded them. The easily hostile 

 Ciguayans of Samana simply anticipated a raid on the part of the 

 Spanish resembling that with which they were familiar from the 

 Caribs. 



Columbus thought that as the Ciguayans were hostile and appeared 

 quite different from the peaceful subjects of his friend Goacanagaric 

 of the north coast, they must be representatives of the dreaded Carib. 

 An Indian was induced to come aboard the Nina where it was 

 anchored in Samana Bay near the present town of Santa Barbara de 

 Samana. This Indian intimated that the island of Carib (Porto 

 Rico) lay to the east. Columbus gave several presents to the Indian, 

 among which were two pieces of red and green cloth and some small 

 glass beads, and sent him ashore. When approaching the shore in the 

 ship's longboat more than 50 armed Indians were discovered lurking 

 in the thickets. The Indian who had been aboard the Niiia pur- 

 suaded the Indians to come out from their ambush and to lay down 



'* " The locality of the town of Goacanagari has always been known by the name of 

 Guarico. The French first settled at Petit Anse ; subsequently they removed to the oppo- 

 site side of the bay and founded the town of Cape Francois, now Cape Haytien ; but the 

 old Indian name Guarico continues in use among all the Spanish inhabitants of the 

 vicinity." Washington Irving, Life and Voyages of Columbus, vol. 3, p. 227. 



