10 BULLETIN 14 7, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



ments of limestone cliffs forming the south shore line of Samana Bay. 

 The calabash tree {Crescentia cujete) was general throughout tropi- 

 cal American wherever an agricultural complex had been developed 

 by the native Indian population. Sometimes employed in combina- 

 tion with other materials, but more often without their addition, the 

 fruit of the calabash served in various forms as a container and as 

 an object for the recording of decorative designs. It is probable that 

 such calabash plantings as still exist on the south shore were estab- 

 lished by the Ciguayan Indians occupying the region in recent pre- 

 Columbian times. There doubtlessly also existed small plantings of 

 tobacco and of cassava. 



Excavations at Anadel. — After completing archeological investi- 

 gations of the cave deposits, work was begun at two Ciguayan vil- 

 lage sites on the north shore, on the mainland of Samana Peninsula. 

 Two large village sites were systematically excavated in part — one 

 at Anadel, a point 2 kilometers east from the town of Santa Barbara 

 de Samana, facing the north shore of the bay; the other at the 

 mouth of the San Juan River on the north coast of Samana Penin- 

 sula, about 10 kilometers due north of the town of Santa Barbara de 

 Samana. The Ciguayan site at Anadel was worked first. As the 

 distance of the site from the town of Santa Barbara de Samana is 

 but 2 kilometers, no camp was made there. 



Living quarters were established at Hotel " Bequi," in Samana. 

 " Bequi " is the daughter of an American negress who emigrated to 

 Santo Domingo from Philadelphia in 1840. A large number of 

 the descendants of American negroes who emigrated from Boston, 

 Baltimore, and Philadelpliia at the instigation of President Boyer, 

 of Haiti, still live in the vicinity of Samana. These negroes speak 

 English, are Protestants, and are still more American than Domin- 

 ican, although schools and better transportation facilities are slowly 

 reducing their isolation. 



The Ciguayan Indian village site at Anadel covers roughly a tract 

 of 5 acres, although only a small portion of the site was found suit- 

 able for working. Much of the accumulated pottery, kitchen refuse, 

 mammal and bird bones were found to be near the north side of the 

 site facing a small stream which flows into the bay a short distance 

 away. A spring of fresh water coming from the bottom of a steep 

 hill 500 feet from the mouth of the stream gave the aboriginal 

 occupants a plentiful supply of fresh water. It is generally assumed 

 that most Ciguayan Indian village sites were located near springs 

 and streams of fresh water, usually some distance from the coast. 

 Aboriginal village sites on the island were generally located on some 

 quiet stream or bay bordered by a wide sandy beach, in short, 

 wherever food and water were most readily accessible. 



