MATERIAL CULTURE OF THE INDIANS OF SAMANA 73 



as a pendant. Calcite is not found in a native state within the area, 

 although it occurs in the mountains of the Cordillera Setentrional 

 farther to the west. 



Pottery. — Earthenware forms and decorative designs on pottery 

 from eastern Santo Domingo have been described by Dr. J. W. 

 Fewkes,22 Sir Robert Schomburgk, Theodore De Booy, Sven Loven," 

 and others. Pottery forms, however, and decorative designs of the 

 Ciguayan Indians of Samana have never before been studied as a 

 unit in Ciguayan culture. The nearest approach to an intensive 

 study of pottery forms from eastern Santo Domingo was that of 

 Theodore De Booy, who explored cave middens and excavated cul- 

 tural deposits within the boundaries of the aboriginal Province of 

 Higuey, in southeastern Santo Domingo.-* 



It will be seen at once that the earthenware vessels and shards 

 illustrated in Plates 14^27 of this monograph are for the most part 

 characteristically Tainoan, as repeatedly described by students of the 

 archeology of the Greater Antilles. The many unusual and hitherto 

 undescribed forms from the San Juan site are less readily classified. 

 Enough divergent forms were there uncovered to justify the assertion 

 repeatedly made by the natives of other aboriginal Provinces of 

 Haiti that the Ciguayan Indians were foreigners. Columbus found 

 it possible to muster the aid of native caciques and of 3,000 warriors 

 from Marien in his campaign against the Ciguayans, who spoke a 

 " lengua extrana y barbara." -^ 



PotterjT^ objects from three distinct local areas in Samana were 

 collected by the Museum expedition and forwarded in part to the 

 United States National Museum, and in part to the National Museum 

 of the Dominican Republic at San Domingo city. The sites explored 

 are the caves on the south shore of Samana Bay ; the village site at 

 Anadel, on the southern slope of Samana Peninsula; and the large 

 village site at San Juan, on the northern coast of the peninsula, each 

 of which yielded potsherds of somewhat different description. The 

 San Juan site yielded the greater variety of pottery fragments and 

 complete vessels in form, paste, technic, and decorative design. 



Pottery from the caves. — Forms represented in the cave finds 

 are largely conjectural, as only a few shards of sufficient size were 

 recovered to clearly establish the type. Then, too, most of the ware 

 recovered from the caves is undecorated. The more common relief 

 embellishment on the few decorated shards recovered is a sharply 

 defined thickened rim section, formed either by luting on of an 



"^ Twenty-fifth Annual Report, also Thirty-fourth Annual Report, Bur. Amer. Ethn. 



^ Ueber die Wurzeln der Tainishen Kultur, Goeteborg. 1924. 



^ Pottery from Certain Caves in Eastern Santo Domingo, West Indies. Contributions 

 from the Heye Museum, No. 9, 1915. Also, Santo Domingo Kitchen Middou and Burial 

 Mound. Indian Notes and Monographs, New York, 1919. 



'^ La Historia de Espaniola, p. 120. 



