KEY 



TO 



North American Birds. 



CONTAINING A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF EVERY SPECIES OF LIVING AND FOSSIL 



BIRD AT PRESENT KNOWN FROM THE CONTINENT NORTH OF THE 



MEXICAN AND UNITED STATES BOUNDARY, INCLUSIVE 



OF GREENLAND AND LOWER CALIFORNIA, 



WITH WHICH ARE INCORPORATED /~^ ^^ / 7 ) 



GENERAL ORNITHOLOGY: c^ 



AN OUTLINE OF THE STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS; 



AND 



FIELD ORNITHOLOGY, 



A MANUAL OF COLLECTING, PREPARING, AND PRESERVING BIRDS. 



^\z Jt'ftf) l£ti{tt0n, 



(entirely revised) 



EXHIBITING THE NOMENCLATURE OF THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS' UNION, AND INCLUDING 

 DESCRIPTIONS OF ADDITIONAL SPECIES 



IN TWO VOLUMES. 

 Volume I. 



By ELLIOTT COUES, A.M., M.D., Ph.D., 



Late Captain and Assistant Surgeon U. S. Army and Secretary U. S. Geological Survey ; Vice-President of the American 



Ornithologists" Union, and Chairman of the Committee on the Classification and Nomenclature of North American Birds ; 



Foreign Member of the British Ornithologists' Union ; Corresponding Member of the Zoological Society 



of London ; Member of the National Academy of Sciences, of the Faculty of the National 



Medical College, of the Philosophical and Biological Societies of Washington. 



PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED. 



BOSTON: 

 DANA ESTES AND COMPANY. 



1903. 



