324 SYSTEMA TIC SYNOPSIS. — PA SSERES — OSCINES. 



S. America ; rare in Cuba. Breeding range chiefly Mississippi Valley at large from middle 

 districts northward. Nest small and neat, well cupped, placed in fork of a bough 20-50 feet 

 from the ground, preferably in woods of deciduous trees, and composed of the usual materials ; 

 eggs 4, 0.66 X 0.47, creamy-white or with a faint greenish tinge, heavily blotched with red- 

 dish-brown, especially about the larger end. (Sylvia cceridea Wils., 1811, nee Lath., 1790 ; 

 Dendroica or Dendroeca cceridea of authors, as of former eds. of Key. Sylvia vara Wils., 

 1811 ; Dendroica rara Eidgw., Auk, Jan. 1897, p. 97 ; A. 0. U. Suppl. List, Auk, Jan. 1897, 

 p. 131, No. 658.) 



D. corona'ta. (Lat. coronata, crowned; corona, a crown. Fig. 179.) Yellow-rumped 

 Warbler. Yellow-crowned Warbler. Myrtle Bird. Adult J", in spring: Slaty- 

 blue, streaked with black ; below, white, breast and sides mostly 

 black, belly, and especially throat, pure white, immaculate ; 

 rump, central crown-patch, and sides of breast, sharply yellow, 

 there being thus four definite yellow places ; sides of head black ; 

 eyelids and superciliary line white ; ordinary white wing-bars 

 and tail-blotches ; bill and feet black. ^ in winter, and 9 iu 

 summer, similar, but slate-color less pure, or quite brownish ; 

 young birds quite brown above, with a few obscure streaks in 

 the whitish of under parts. It is impossible to specify the end- 

 Yeiiow-rumped War- ipgg intermediate styles; but I never saw a specimen without 

 the yellow rump, and at least a trace of the other yellow marks; 

 these points therefore are diagnostic. (The only other obscure brownish Warblers with yellow- 

 rump are maculosa and tigrina, when young. Resembles auduboni, e.Kcepting in the follow- 

 ing points : Thrt)at white. Breast black, mixed with white. Sides of head definitely pure 

 black ; edges of eyelids, and long narrow superciliary line, white. Wings crossed with two 

 broad white bars, which do not fuse into one white patch, owing to narrowness or deficiency 

 of white edging along outer webs of greater coverts.) One of the large species. Length 

 5.30-5.75 ; extent 8.80-9.40 ; wing 2.75-3.00 ; tail about 2.50. N. Am., but chiefly eastern ; 

 Alaska; Washington; California; Arizona; U. S. rarely in .summer except along the north- 

 ern borders, but during the migrations and in winter the most abundant of all Warblers ; win- 

 ters as far N. as New England, and thence through the U. S. to the West Indies, Mexico, and 

 Central America; resident in Jamaica; seen everywhere, but is particularly numerous in 

 shrubbery, along hedge-rows, in flocks, with troops of Sparrows, Titmice, etc. Breeds from 

 our northern borders northward; nest generally low in evergreens; eggs 4, about 0.75 X 0.55, 

 white with a creamy or slight buff tinge, and with the usual markings of browns, blackish and 

 neutral tints. Moult double, there being a vernal as well as an autumnal change, the fornier 

 usually effected during the spring migrations. 



D. c. hoo'veri. (To Theodore J. Hoover.) Hoover's Yellow-RUMP. Like the last, 

 wing and tail longer; ^ wing 3.00 or more; 9 wing 2.87. Western N. Am. McGregor, 

 Bull. Cooper Club, i, No. 2, Mar. 15, 1899, p. 32. 



D. aud'uboiii. (To J. J. Audubon.) Audubon's Warbler. Western Yellow-rump. 

 Adult (J, in summer: Upper parts clear bluish-ash, streaked with black. A central longitu- 

 dinal spot on crown, the rump, throat, and a patch on each side of breast, rich yellow. Sides 

 of head little darker than upper parts ; eyelids narrowly white, but no decided superciliary 

 white stripe ; ash of upper parts extending far around sides of neck. Jugulum and breast in 

 high plumage pure black, though usually mixed with some grayish skirting of the feathers, 

 or invaded by white from behind, or even touched with yellow here and there. Belly and 

 under tail-coverts white, the sides streaked with black. Wings blackish, with gray or white 

 edging, especially on inner quills ; median wing-coverts tipped, greater ones edged and tipped, 

 with white, forming a great white blotch. Tail like wings ; outer webs narrowly edged with 



