HIR UNDINIDyE : S WALLOWS. 



355 



Fig. 211. — Cliff SwaUow, nat. 

 (Ad. nat. del. E. C.) 



edged and tinged with rufous. Wings and tail blackish, with slight gloss. Bill black; feet 

 browu. Length 5.00-5.50; extent 12.00 or more; wing 4.25-4.50; tail 2.25, nearly square. 

 Sexes not distinguishable; both vary much in tone of C(»lorati(m, 

 especially of the rufous parts. Forehead sometimes white, some- 

 times quite brown. In young birds, the frontlet may be alto- 

 gether wanting ; upper parts lustreless dark brown, most of the 

 feathers being skirted with' whitish; rufous of throat and rump 

 a mere tinge ; spot on throat wanting, and the parts often speckled 

 with white. N. Am. at large, abundantly but irregularly dis- 

 tributed, breeding in colonies wherever suitable sites may be 

 found for its curious retort-shaped or bottle-nosed nests of mud. 

 It has been traced N. to the limit of trees in Brit. Am., S. to 

 Cent, and S. Am. According to Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., x, 

 1885, p. 193, the proper name of our Cliff Swallow is P. pyr- ®'^® 

 rhonota (Vieill., 1817), with a possibility of P. americana (Gm., 1788) ; both these names 

 being based on the South American species. 



P. ful'va. (Lat., fulvous.) Cuban Cliff Swallow. In general, like the last; differing 

 as follows: no blue-black spot on throat; frontlet rich chestnut; chin, throat, and sides of head 

 pale rufous, like the flanks; rump darker rufous. Smaller; length under 5.00; wing 4.50- 

 4.75, thus relatively longer; tail 2.00 or rather less. Greater Antilles and some parts of 

 Cent. Am. Accidental on the Dry Tortugas, Florida. This is the true Hirundo fulva 

 Vieill., Ois. Am. Sept. i. 1807, p. 62, pi. 30, though the name used to be misapplied to our 

 Cliff Swallow; PcfrochcJidon fifJrn Cab., Mus. Hein. i. 1850, p. 47; A. 0. U. List, 2d ed., 



1895, No. [612. 1] ; not in any pre- 

 vious ed. of the Key ; see W. E. D. 

 Scott, Auk, July, 1890, p. 264, 

 .specimen taken Mar. 22, 1890. 

 CLIVIC'OLA. (Lat. divus, a 

 .slcipe, acclivity or declivity, such 

 as the birds breed in ; and colere, 

 to inhabit, (in)cola, an inliabitant.) 

 Bank Swallows. Tarsus with a 

 tuft of feathers at base below, near 

 insertion of hind toe. Edge of wing 

 not rough. Claws little curved, the 

 ateral reaching beyond base of middle 

 one. Bill very small, nostrils opening 

 iterally, overhung by a membrane. Tail 

 shorter than wings, emarginate. Col- 

 dull and simple — lustreless brown 

 d across l^reast, white below. Eggs 

 laid in holes in the ground excavated 

 Sexes alike. (Cotile of all previous 

 Key, and of most autliors ; but Riparia 

 and Clicicola (»f I. It. For.ster, Syn. Cat. lirit. B., 1817, 

 pp. 17 and 55, antedate Cotile of 

 BoiE, Isis, 1822, J). 550 ; see CouES, 

 and Oberh., Auk, July, 1899, p. 281.) 



riparian; ripa, bank of a stream. Fig. 212.) Bank Swal- 

 inouse-brown ; wings and tail fuscous. Below, white, 



Fig. 212 



Auk, July, 1898, p. 27 

 C. ripa'ria. (Lat. riparin 

 low. Adult ^ 9 : Lustreless 



gned by H. W. Elliott.) 



