388 SVSTEMA TIC SYNOPSIS. — PA SSERES — OSCINES. 



in breeding plumage or nearly so: Bill and feet black. Frontlet black; rest of pileum hoary- 

 ash, not descending below level of eyes and upper border of auriculars (for when ash invades 



sides of head to any extent, the bird takes the first step 

 toward litoralis, in which the head is extensively hooded 

 in ash). General color, sides of head included, choco- 

 late or liver-brown of varying intensity, many feathers 

 skirted with gray or whitish, especially the interscapu- 

 lars, which also have dusky centres, and inclining to 

 blackish on chin and throat. Hinder parts of body above 

 and below, including tail-coverts, rich rosy or carmine 

 red, this color due to broad edgings of dusky feathers 

 of these parts. Wings and tail blackish ; wing-coverts 

 and primaries edged with rosy, showing nearly continu- 

 FiG. 249.- Swainsou's Rosy Finch. (L. ""s iu the closed wing ; edgings of inner secondaries 

 A. Fuertes.) rosy-white or white. Length (average) 6.75 ; wing 4.00- 



4.45, average 4.25; tail 2.50-3.00, average 2.75; culmen 0.40-0.50, average 0.45; tarsus 0.75- 

 0.85, average 0.80. Adult 9 : Very similar; pattern identical; tone subdued; size a little 

 less; length 6.60; wing 4.10; tail 2.65. ^^ in win- 

 ter : Bill yellow ; pattern unchanged ; coloration less 

 vivid, the brown rather umber than chocolate, the red 

 rather rosy than carmine. Rocky Mt. region, from the 

 Saskatchewan or beyond, through most of W. U. S. in 

 winter; breeding limits unknown, supposed to be Nortli- 

 ern Rocky Mts. of U. S. and beyond, known to bi-eed in 

 the Sierras Nevadas of California. This is the central 

 figure in the genus. It runs directly into 

 L. t. litora'lis. (Lat. litoralis, littoral. Fig. 250.) 

 Baird's Rosy Finch. Hepburn's Leuoosticte. 

 Like the last; ash spreading over head more or less, 

 sometimes almost enveloping it like a hood, and even Fig. 250. - Baird's Rosy Fiuch. (L. A. 



occupying chin in extreme cases. Size of the last, ^"^rtes.) 



Northwest coast ; in summer, mountains of S. E. Alaska ; in winter, Kadiak S. and E. to Cali- 

 fornia, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado; very abundant, in flocks mixed with tephrocotis proper. 

 L. griseiiiu'cha. (Low Lat. griseus, gray, and nucha, nape. Figs. 251, 252.) Brandt's 

 Rosy Finch. Aleutian Leucosticte. Like the littoral vnriet j of tephrocotis, in having 

 the ashy extending over sides of head; this color settled in a defi- 

 nite hood, said to never invade chin. The resident form of the N. 

 W. islands, from Kadiak and Uualaska, N. to the Prybilof and 

 '^fc j^ Couiniander Islands. Much larger than the foregoing; length 



1^ ^.^' 7.00 (,r more ; wing 4.50 (4.25-4.85) ; tail 3.50 (3.r5-3.90) ; cu\- 



^KfkMf^ men (1.57; tarsus 0.95. Sexes scarcely distinguishable. Bill black 



^^^ or yellow according to season. Young •' uniform brownish-gray, 



Fincr^'lAfir^a^rd.'r'' ^^'^ ^y-Mihcd with umber ; wings and tail dusky-slate, the feathers bor- 

 dered with paler ; the edges of the lesser wing-coverts and remiges 

 very pale pinkish; of the greater wing-coverts and tertials pale dull ochraceous ; no black or 

 gray about head ; bill liorn-color." Nest well made of grasses and mosses, lined with feathers, 

 on ground or among rocks ; eggs 3-6, generally 4, pure white, 0.97 X 0.67. 



Note. Lmcosticte {Hi/polin) nrc/oa, the Silver-winged Leucosticte, or Pallas' Rosj- Finch, of Siberia, has been nd- 

 mitted to our famia uymn insufficient evidence, and is therefore now withdravni from the position it has occupied in the 

 2d, 3d, and 4tli i.l^. i.f tin- Key. It maybe recognized by the following description : Dusky-purplish; neck above pale 

 yellowish; fon l..;i<l aiil icisal featliers blackish ; outer webs of quills and wing-coverts, tail-coverts, rump and crissum 

 silvery-gray, rosy .margined. Subgenerically different from any of the foregoing. 



; tone subc 



1i 



^^'^^^^K 



