ICTERID.E — ICTERIN.E: AMERICAN ORIOLES: HANG-NESTS. 475 



Bill slenderly conic, straight ; its depth at base not equal to half the length of culmen Icterus 



{Species parisorum, cf black and yellow ; auduboni (f § black and yellow ; and icterxis (J $ black and yellow, 

 with throat-feathers lanceolate and orbits naked.) 



*^* Further refinement of the foregoing would place auduboni (with melanocephalus) in the subgenus Ateleopsar 

 Cass. 1807 ; and ma^e par isorum type of the subgenus Cassiculoides Cass. 1867. 



Analysis of Species. 



The cf black and chestnut : spurius. 

 The cf black and orange : gnlbida, bullocki, cuciillotus. 

 The cf black and clear yellow : parisorum, atiduboni, icterus. 

 Feathers of the throat soft and normal. 



^ black and chestnut ; $ olivaceous and yellowish. Length 7.00 or less spurius 



<f black and orange, or flame-color. 



Tail rounded, not longer than wings. 



(5" head and neck all around black ; white on wings in bars ... galbula 



cf crown and throat black, sides of head orange. White patch on wings bullocki 



Tail graduated ; outer feathers an inch shorter than middle ones ; longer than wings. 



cf head orange, with black mask ; $ olivaceous and yellow cucullatus 



(f black and pure yellow. 



(f head, neck, breast, and back black. Sexes unlike ; length about 8.00 parisorum 



(f 5 head, neck, and breast black ; body yellow, greenish on back ; length about 9.50 auduboni 



Feathers of throat elongate and lanceolate. Sexes alike. Length about 10.00. 



cf $ Jilack and yeUow, with white on wings icterus 



(Subgenus Hyphaxtes.) 



{Yphantes Vieillot, 181C, and so misspelled by the A. O. U. Gr. v^6.vTe<;, hyphantes, a weaver.) 



I. gal'bula. (Lat. galgiila or galbula, some small yellow bird of the ancients. " Baltimore" 

 is not from the city of tliat name, but from the title of Sir George Calvert, first baron of Balti- 

 more; the colors of the bird being chosen for his livery, or resembling those of his coat-of- 

 arms. Fig. 321.) Baltimore Oriole. Golden Robin. Fire-bird. Pea-bird. Ham- 

 mock-bird. Hanging-bird. Hang-nest. Adult $: Black and orange. Head and neck 

 all round, and back, black ; rump, 

 upper tail-coverts, lesser and under 

 wiug-coverts, most tail-feathers, and 

 all under parts from throat fiery orange, 

 of varying intensity according to age 

 and season. Middle tail-feathers black ; 

 wings black, the middle and greater 

 coverts, and inner quills, more or less 

 edged and tipped with white, but white 

 on coverts not forming a continuous 

 patch. Bill and feet blue-black, or 

 dark grayish-blue. Length 7.50-8.00; 



extent 11.50-12.50; wing 3.00; tail Fio. 321.- Baltimore Oriole, reduced. (Sheppard del. Nich- 



3.00. 9 smaller, and much paler, the o\s sc.) 



black obscured by olive, sometimes entirely wanting. Above, mixed dusky and yellowish - 

 olive, somewhat overcast with a gray shade. Below, dull orange, more or less mixed with 

 whitish, and usually with black traces on throat. Tail and its upper coverts dull yellowish, 

 the central feathers usually blackish. Bill and feet lighter plumbeous than in $. Young $ 

 entirely without black on throat and head, otherwise colored nearly like 9 • Below, dull orange 

 yellow, whitening on throat, shaded with olive on sides. Above, olive, more yellowish on rump 

 and tail, but latter without black ; middle of back obscured with dusky centres of the feathers; 

 wings dusky, with two white bars and white edgings of inner quills. In some splendid feath- 

 erings, particularly from the Mississippi valley, the orange becomes intense flauie-color, and 



