CORVID.E — CORVIN.E : CROWS. 



487 



adopted by Baird in 1858, and bocame current for some years. The next in order of date 

 ai)pears tt) be C. siniiatus Wagleh, Isis, 1829. p. 748, based on Mexican specimens; this I 

 am willing to adopt, in deference to my colleagues of the A. 0. U., though my well-known 

 contention has long been in favor of Bartram. Other names are C luguhris of Agassiz, 1846, 

 denounced as a nomen nudum, though nobody doubts what he meant by it ; and C. catototl or 

 cacalotl of Bonaparte, 1838 and 1850, and of Baird, 1858 (after Wagler, Isis, 1831, p. 748). 

 For the case of C littoralis or principalis, see next article. 



C. c. principa'lis. (Lat. principal, foremost, chief; princeps, adj. first in time or order, 

 and as noun a chief, a prince ; from primus, first, and capere, to take, choose. Fig. 32G.) 

 Northern Raven. Size at a maximum of the dimensions above given, with very large bill 



Fig, 320. — Northern Raven. 



and stout feet; chord of culmen averaging 3.00, and de))th of bill at base 1.00. Individuals 

 answerinir to such requirements occur cliielly in Greenland, Labrador, and British America at 

 large, but also in northerly parts of the United States, and on the Atlantic coast even to Nortli 

 ("arolina. Figure 325, drawn preciseli/ of life size, is fully up to average ptrincipalis ; the 

 speciuien was taken by me at Fort Randall, South Dakota, Feb. 4, 1873. Tlie large uortheru 

 bird of Greenland and Labrador was first named C. c. littoralis by IIoLBOLL, in Kriiyer's Tiilsk. 

 iv, 1843, p. 390; but this name is preoccupied in the genus by A. E. Brehm, 1831. It is C. c. 

 principalis Ridow. Man. 1887, p. 301; Coues, Key, 4th ed. 1890, p. 901; A. O. U. List, 2d 

 ed. 1895, p. 200, No. 486 a. With this may be compared the Kamtschatkan C c. hchriiu/ianus 

 of DvROw.sKi, Bull. Soc. Z<.ol. France, 1883, p. 363. 



C cryptoleu'cus. (Gr. Kpvnroi, kniptos, crypted or liiddeu ; XevKos. Iciikos, wliite.) Wiiitk- 

 NECKEi) Ravkn. Tiiroat-featliers as in eorax ; but bases of feathers of neck snowy-wliite. 



