DIPPER 37 



bird having nested also in Essex (Miller Christy, 

 ''Birds of Essex," p. 102). 



In Scotland it has been occasionally met with on 

 passage, chiefly in the south, and in the east and 

 south of Ireland it is regarded as an occasional 

 visitor. 



Fam. CINCLID^. 



DIPPER or WATER OUZEL. Cinclus aquaticus, Bech- 

 stein. PI. 17, figs. 11, 11a. Length, 6-75 in. ; wing, 

 3-5 in. ; tarsus, 1 in. 



Resident in Scotland, the north and south-vs^est 

 of England, Wales, and Ireland, frequenting moun- 

 tain and moorland streams which have a rocky or 

 stony bed. 



The Scandinavian form, Cinclus melanogaster, 

 characterised by an absence of chestnut colouring 

 on the underparts, appears to be an occasional 

 migrant to Norfolk and Sufi'olk (Stevenson's "Birds 

 of Norfolk," vol. i. p. 69). Mr. J. H. Gurney has a 

 specimen of this variety which was shot in York- 

 shire near Bridlington, and others have been pro- 

 cured in the same county, at Welwick, Oct. 24, 

 1874 ; at Beverley, Oct. 29, 1875 (Boyes, Zool, 

 1876, p. 4871); and near Filey, Dec. 8, 1875 

 (Tuck, Field, Jan. 1876). 



The Dipper, though rare in the Midlands, is 

 seen occasionally on the streamlets that rise in 

 Charnwood Forest (Harley, " Birds Leicester."). 

 It is said to have nested in Middlesex and in 



