CREEPERS 59 



difference are all observable in specimens from vari- 

 ous parts of Europe, so that it cannot be regarded 

 as specifically distinct from our well-known Troglo- 

 djjtes parvulus. See Dresser, Ihis, 1886, p. 43; ZooL, 

 1889, p. 116 ; and Saunders, "Manual," p. 107. See 

 also the remarks on the Wren observed in St. Kilda 

 by R. M. Barrington, Zool, 1884, p. 383. 



Fam. CERTHIID^. 



TREE CREEPER. Certhia familiaris, Linnsius. PI. 17, 

 V figs. 10, 10<x. Length, exclusive of curved bill, 4*5 in. ; 



wing, 2*5 in. ; tarsus, -65 in. 



Resident and generally distributed. As to the 

 differentiation of the British from the Continental 

 form, see Ibis, 1897, p. 615, and 1898, p. 177. 



Fam. SITTIDiE. 



NUTHATCH. Sitta c^sia, Meyer. PI. 9, figs. 10, 10a. 

 Length, 5*5 in. ; wing, 3*25 in. ; tarsus, '8 in. 



Resident in England, rare in Scotland, and not 

 found in Ireland. Col. Edward Cooper turned out 

 some at Markree Castle, Co. Sligo, which I pro- 

 cured for him from the late Mr. Borrer of Cowfold, 

 Sussex, but they were not seen again {Zool., 1879, 

 p. 424). Some young Nuthatches, carried from 

 Cowfold to Henfield (five miles), where they were 

 placed in an outdoor aviary, were followed by the 

 parent birds, which continued to feed them through- 



