354 TURN-STONE. 



ish horn ; frontlet, space passing through the eyes, and thence dropping 

 down, and joining the under mandible, black, enclosing a spot of white ; 

 crown white, streaked with black ; breast black, whence it turns up half 

 across the neck ; behind the eye a spot of black ; upper part of the 

 neck white, running down and skirting the black breast, as far as the 

 shoulder ; upper part of the back black, divided by a strip of bright 

 ferruginous ; scapulars black, glossed with greenish, and interspersed 

 with rusty red ; whole back below this pure white, but hid by the scapu- 

 lars ; rump black ; tail-coverts white ; tail rounded, white at the base 

 half, thence black to the extremity ; belly and vent white ; wings dark 

 dusky, crossed by two bands of white ; lower half of the lesser coverts 

 ferruginous ; legs and feet a bright vermilion, or red lead ; hind toe 

 standing inwards, and all of them edged with a thick warty membrane. 

 The male and female are alike variable ; and when in perfect plumage 

 nearly resemble each other. 



Bewick, in his History of British Birds, has figured and described 

 what he considers to be two species of Turn-stone ; one of which, he 

 says, is chiefly confined to the southern, and the other to the northern 

 parts of Great Britain. The difference, however, between these 'two 

 appears to be no greater than commonly occurs among individuals of 

 the same flock, and evidently of the same species, in this country. As 

 several years probably elapse before these birds arrive at their com- 

 plete state of plumage, many varieties must necessarily appear, accord- 

 ing to the different ages of the individuals. 



