GEOLOCxICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEYS. 85 



Publications. — An edition of 5,000 copies of each report was 

 printed up to 1885, when the number was increased to 8,000 copies. 

 But 5,000 copies were issued of the report for 1895, 



Up to the year 1900, 25 vohiiiies had been issued, ranging from 250 

 to 1,740 pages each, exclusive of maps. These reports were not sold, 

 but were distributed in various ways. Some were given in exchange 

 for other reports: others presented to literary and scientific institu- 

 tions; to geologists engaged in scientific research; and the remainder 

 to the several counties through the county auditors and county super- 

 intendents of schools. 



IOWA, 



FIRST GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNDER JAMES HALL, 1855-185 7. 



A portion of Iowa was included in surveys made by David Dale 

 Owen under authority of the United States General Land Office, 

 in 1839. Tlie first survey' under State auspices was that made by 

 James Hall and J. D, Whitney by virtue of the following enact- 

 ment, approved January 23, 1855: 



SrvCTioN 1. Be it enacted hy the General Assembly of the State of Iowa, That 

 the governor may appoint, by nnd with the advice and consent of the senate, a 

 State geologist, who shaU he a person of competent scientific and practical 

 knowledge of the sciences of geology and mineralogy, who shall hold his office 

 for the term of two years imless sooner removed by the governor. 



2. The .said State geologist shall, by and v/ith the consent of the governor, 

 appoint one snitabie person to assist him in the discharge of bis duties, who 

 shall be a skillful analytical and experimental chemist. 



3. It shall be the duty of said geologist and his assistant, as soon as may be 

 practicable after the ai)pointment, to commence and carry on, with as much 

 expedition as possible, a thorough geological and mineralogical survey of the 

 State, as also of the character and quality of the soil for agricultural purposes. 



4. It shall be the dutj' of the assistant to make full and coniplete examinations 

 .".nd i-ssays of all rocks, ores, soils, and other substances whicli may be submitted 

 to him by the State geologist for the puiTOse, and to fui'nish him with a de- 

 tailed and complete account of results so obtained. 



5. It shall be tlie duty of the State geologist, on or before the first Monday of 

 December In each year, during the time not necessarily occupied by said survey, 

 to make report of said survey and the progress thereof, a7;companied with such 

 maps, drawings, and specifications as may be necessary and proper to exemplify 

 the same to the governor, who shall lay a coriy of the reports before the gcaeral 

 assembl.v. 



6. It shall also be the duty of such geologist to forward to the governor, from 

 time to time during the progress of said survey, such specimens of rocks, ores, 

 coals, soils, fossils, and other mineral substances discovered and examined 

 proi)erly labeled, as may be proper and necessary to form a complete cabinet of 

 collections of specimens of geology and mineralogy of the State ; and the governor 

 shall cause the same to be preserved for the benefit of the State, for public in- 

 spection. Said geologist shall cause to be represented on the map of the State, 

 by colors and other approjiriate means, the various areas occupied by the dlf- 



