GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAT; HTftTOUY SURVEYS. 135 



gECOND GEOLOGICAL (AND NATURAL HISTORY) SURVEY UNDER BOARD OF 

 AGRICULTURE AND C. H. HITCHCOCK, 1861-1862. 



In 1861, under the influence of the board of agriculture, a scien- 

 tific survey of the State was established. The followinj? is the 

 transcript of the act of March 16 of that year: 



Resolved, That the governor, with the secretary of the board of agriculture, Is 

 bereby juithori/.ed to contract wltli some suitable porson or persons to conduct a 

 scientific survey of tlie State; said survey to embrace its geology, agriculture, 

 natural history, and physical geography. 



Reaolvcd, That the person or persons wl)o shall conduct this survey shall 

 analyze soils, minerals, or other deposits v^henever such may be found of a char- 

 acter demanding mintite and careful investipjntion into their characteristics and 

 <>conomical value. 



Reaolved, That the person or persons so etuployed by the State shall collect 

 and prepare for deposit in the public buildings, specimens illustrative of the 

 geology, agriculture, and natural history of the State. 



Resolved, That the person or persons so employed in prosecuting this survey 

 shall be required to present to the legislature, on or before the third Wednesday 

 of .January in each year, a report of his or their proceedings and progress, to- 

 gether with such suggestions as may be deemed useful, which report shall be 

 ptiblished in connection with and Incorporated in the annual report of the 

 secretary of the board of agriculture. 



Resolved, Tiiat the sum of .$3,000 be apitroprijiled from liie treasury, to be 

 expended under the direction of the governor aiid secretary of the board of 

 agriculture in prosecuting said scientific survey. 



The legislature of the year following (1862) appropriated a like 

 amount for its continuation. 



Administration. — Tliis survey was placed under the direction of 

 Ezekiel Holmes, of Winthrop, as naturalist, and Charles H. Hitch- 

 cock of Amherst, Massachusetts, as geologist, who received their 

 commissions on May 23. The assistants were George L. Goodale, 

 of Saco, botanist and chemist; J. C. Hougliton, Still River, Massa- 

 chusetts, mineralogist; A, S. Packard, jr., of Brunswick, entomolo- 

 gist; and C. B. Fuller, of Portland, marine zoologist. Messrs. 

 Houghton and Packard were obliged to discontinue their services 

 at the end of the first year, owing to the smallness of the appro- 

 priations. The following instructions wei'e issued regarding field 

 work : 



As an outline of operations for the present year we recommend as follows; 

 Th.it, commencing operations the Ist of .Tune, you proceed, by rapid reconnois- 

 sances, to examine as much of the western and coast lines of the State, as may 

 be practicable, by the lOth of .July, more particularly with a view to ascertain 

 the Iciiid, breadth, iiud direction of the geological formations which may b« 

 found, in order to establish a basis or border line of delineation of a geological 

 Map of the State, that, on or about July 10, you repair to the more settled 

 portions of Aroostook County, investigating its geology, natural history, agri- 

 eultin-e. and physical geography, with especial reference to the resources and 

 cxipabilities of the pt]l)lic domain in that section ; thence to the slate and iron 



